Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
The article deals with the developmental dynamics of the methods of mathematical education in one of the most important periods of the formation of a primary school in our country. The author describes the positive aspects in the development of primary education, reveals the flaws and contradictions. The detailed review of all components of methodical system is given: objectives, content, methods, means of mathematical formation of younger schoolchildren.
mathematical education, younger schoolchild, formation of methodical system, means of education, program in mathematics, educational material, personalities.
Окончание. Начало – № 3, 2016.
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ МАТЕМАТИКЕ В ПОСЛЕВОЕННЫЕ ГОДЫ
В послевоенный период развития начальной школы основная забота ученых и практических работников была связана с новым типом первого школьного звена: в 1944 г. в школу начали принимать детей с семи лет. В тот период были получены результаты психолого-педагогических исследований А.А. Люблинской (1946), Н.А. Менчинской (1947) и др., доказывающих значительные способности младших школьников к обучению. Это позволило скорректировать объем и содержание начального образования, исключить устаревший материал.
Значительно усилилось внимание к изучению теоретических сведений, к осознанному усвоению учащимися отдельных математических понятий. Продолжалась работа по методическому обеспечению процесса обучения младших школьников, выпуску различных средств обучения, разработке типов уроков, которые целесообразно использовать в начальной школе.
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