Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology

Sergey Makhnovets; Lada Murashova

doi:10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325

VAK Russia 5.3.3 UDC 331.101.1 UDC 159.9

3 more Collapse

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ORGANIZING THE COLLECTIVE SUBJECT OF WORK IN RUSSIAN PSYCHOLOGY Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology

АА Аа

Published in Ergodesign · Volume 2026, Issue 3 · Pages 316–325 · Rubric: PSYCHOLOGY OF WORK, ENGINEERING PSYCHOLOGY, COGNITIVE ERGONOMICS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325

Received: 08.07.2026 Accepted: 23.07.2026 Published: 30.09.2026

Authors

Sergey Makhnovets

ORCID SPIN

Lada Murashova

ORCID SPIN

Sergey Makhnovets

Academic degree: doctor of psychological sciences

Science rang: professor

Tver Stare University Director of the Institute of Pedagogical Education and Social Technologies, Professor at the Department of Preschool Pedagogy and Psychology · Tver

ORCID SPIN

Lada Murashova

Academic degree: candidate of psychological sciences

Science rang: docent

Tver State Medical University Head of the Department · Department “General and Clinical Psychology” · Russian Federation

ORCID SPIN

ABSTRACT

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of methodological approaches used in Russian psychology to study the organization of the collective subject of work. It examines forming the “collective subject” concept, which has been actively developed in Russian scholarship in the works of A.L. Zhuravlev, B.F. Lomov, K.M. Gaidar, and other researchers. The study shows that there is still no single interpretation of this phenomenon in modern psychology. Special emphasis is placed on the principle of subjectivity, developed in the works of S.L. Rubinstein and A.V. Brushlinsky and further advanced by A.L. Zhuravlev, as the theoretical and methodological basis for studying the collective subject. The key characteristics of a collective subject are recognised as the interconnectedness and interdependence of group members, the ability for joint activity, and self-reflection. The authors conclude that it is necessary to study the organization of the collective subject of work in the context of modern professional activity, innovative labour resources, and new risks and threats to this organizational form and to the effectiveness of professional performance.

KEYWORDS

collective subject of work, subject, professional activity, activity, subjectivity, reflection, identity, collective intelligence, joint activity

1. Cascio J. Facing the age of chaos [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2026 Jun 23]. Available from: https://medium.com/@cascio/facing-the-age-of-chaos-b00687b1f51d.

2. Antsyferova L.I. Psychological content of the phenomenon of the subject and the boundaries of the subject-activity approach. In: Problem of Subject in Psychological Science. Moscow: Akademicheskii Proekt; 2020. p. 27-52.

3. Leontiev A.N. Activity, consciousness, personality. Moscow: Politizdat; 1975. 304 p.

4. Rubinstein S.L. Being and consciousness. Man and the world. Saint Petersburg: Piter; 2003. 508 p.

5. Uznadze D.N. General psychology. Saint Petersburg: Piter; 2004. 412 p.

6. Abulkhanova K.A. The Principle of subject in Russian psychology. Psychology. Journal of Higher School of Economics. 2005;4(2):3-21.

7. Ananyev B.G. Man As the Object of Cognition. Saint Petersburg: Piter; 2002. 288 p.

8. Brushlinsky A.A. Psychology of a Subject. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2003. 272 p.

9. Znakov V.V. Psychology of the subject and psychology of human existence. In: Znakov V.V., Ryabikina Z.I., editors. Subject, personality and psychology of human existence. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2005. p. 9-44.

10. Sergienko E.A. Development of A.V. Brushlinsky’s ideas in the psychology of the subject: the system-subject approach. In: Proceedings of the Scientific Conference Dedicated to the 75th Anniversary of A.V. Brushlinsky. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2008. p. 54-58.

11. Osnitsky A.K. Activity and personality in manifestations of the subject. In: Zhuravlev AL, Znakov VV, Ryabikina ZI, Sergienko EA, editors. Subject Approach in Psychology. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2009. p. 314-324.

12. Petrovsky V.A. Man above the situation. Moscow: Smysl; 2010. 559 p.

13. Karpov A.V. Psychology of labour. Moscow: Vlados-Press; 2003. 352 p.

14. Kymberg A.N. Subject and identity. In: Proceedings of the 3rd All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference on Personality and Being: Subjective Approach. Krasnodar: Kuban State University; 2005. p. 97-108.

15. Gaidar K.M., Tretyakova V.E. The Relationship of the subjective properties of a group in the decision-making and execution of joint decisions with the types of group subjectness. Penza Psychological Newsletter. 2019;1:3-15. doihttps://doi.org/10.17689/psy-2019.1.1.

16. Zhuravlev A.L., Sergienko E.A., Vilenskaya G.A. Scientific approaches in modern Russian psychology. Moscow: Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; 2023. 759 p.

17. Karpov A.V. Methodological foundations of psychological analysis of information activity. Yaroslavl: Filigran; 2021. 616 p.

18. Lektorsky V.A. Psychological theory of activity by A. N. Leontiev and current cognitive studies. The Moscow University Herald. Series 14. Psychology. 2023;2:67-83. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11621/LPJ-23-16.

19. Lepsky V.E. Philosophical and methodological grounds for assembling entities focused on development in professional activities. Vestnik TvSTU. Series: Social Sciences and Humanities. 2024;39(4):33-39. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.46573/2409-1391-2024-4-33-39.

20. Parkhomenko A.G., Druzhinin G.V. An organized community of employees as a collective subject of labour relations. Humanities, Social-Economic and Social Sciences. 2025;4:158-162. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.24412/2220-2404-2025-4-22.

21. Zhuravlev A.L. Collective subject: main features, levels, and psychological types. Psikhologicheskii Zhurnal. 2009;5(3):72-82.

22. Zhuravlev A.L., Nestik T.A. Group reflexivity: the main approaches and prospects. Knowledge. Understanding. Skill. 2011;3:212-221.

23. Lektorsky V.A. Subject. Object. Cognition. Moscow: Nauka; 1980. 360 p.

24. Leontiev D.A., Averina A.Zh. The phenomenon of self-reflection in the context of self-regulation problem. Psychological Studies. 2011;2:1.

25. Lepsky V.E. Reflexivity in social systems control (philosophical and methodological analysis). Philosophy of Science and Technology. 2021;26(2):127-147. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2021-26-2-127-147.

26. Lefebvre V.A. Reflection. Moscow: Kogito-Center; 2003. 495 p.

27. Petrovsky V.A. Consistency and reflection: the four resources model. Psychologies. 2008;5(1):77-100.

28. Shchedrovitsky G.P. Thinking Understanding Reflection. Moscow: Nasledie MMK; 2005. 798 p.

29. Gaidar K.M. Socio-psychological concept of group subject. Voronezh: Voronezh State University Publishing House; 2013. 396 p.

30. Nikitina E.A. The collective subject in complex human-dimensional systems: intelligence or the sum of technologies? Philosophy of Science and Technology 2021;26(1):122-130. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.21146/2413-9084-2021-26-1-122-130.

31. Voronin A.N., Kubrak T.A. Conceptualization of the phenomenon of subjectness of the network community using a grounded theory method. Experimental Psychology. 2020;13(3):4-14. DOIhttps://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2020130301.

JATS XML

Editor-in-chief

Valeriy Spasennikov

spas1956@mail.ru

Deputy chief editor

Aleksandr Kuz'menko

alex-rf-32@yandex.ru

downloads

GOST

Makhnovets S. N., Murashova L. A. Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology // Ergodesign. 2026. no. 3. pp. 316-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325. (Date of access 05.11.2026).

MLA

Sergey Makhnovets, Murashova L. A.. "Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology." Ergodesign 2026.3 (2026): 316-325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325.

APA

Makhnovets S. N., Murashova L. A. (2026). Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology. Ergodesign, 2026(3), 316-325. https://doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325

Chicago

Sergey Makhnovets, Murashova L. A.. "Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology." Ergodesign 2026, no. 3 (2026): 316-325. https://doi.org/10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325.

WIKI

{{cite journal | author = Makhnovets S. N., Murashova L. A. | title = Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology | journal = Ergodesign | year = 2026 | volume = 2026 | issue = 3 | pages = 316-325 | doi = 10.30987/2658-4026-2026-3-316-325 }}

Copy

Export: BibTeX EndNote RefMan RusMARC

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ORGANIZING THE COLLECTIVE SUBJECT OF WORK IN RUSSIAN PSYCHOLOGY Methodological Approaches to Organizing the Collective Subject of Work in Russian Psychology

Confirmation