UDC 364
The purpose of the study was to identify the directions of transformation of social policy from a reactive model focused on eliminating the consequences of social problems to a preventive one aimed at anticipating social risks and stimulating citizens' independence, as well as determining the conditions and tools for its implementation. Through the prism of international experience and Russian practice (social contract, proactive pension allocation, dispensary supervision, development of the "third sector", legal regulation of proactive services), the necessity of a systematic transition to a proactive model of social support is substantiated. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach combining political science, sociological and comparative legal methods, which made it possible to characterize the essential nature of the transformation under consideration, to identify the constants inherent in it and the mechanisms of practical implementation of public policy. In the course of the study, proactive public services were grouped according to the degree of their automation (fully and conditionally proactive), and legal data processing regimes were identified for their provision. The theoretical significance of the research lies in the systematization and generalization of the experience of the transition to proactive social policy. The practical significance lies in determining the conditions and tools for implementing a proactive model in modern Russia, including the development of the institution of a social contract, the automation of pension allocation and the involvement of the "third sector" in the provision of social services. The conclusion is made about the formation of a new paradigm of the welfare state, combining the principles of targeting, efficiency, legal certainty and social justice. The need for further development of institutional conditions for the transition from a reactive to a proactive model of social policy, improvement of feedback mechanisms and consideration of regional specifics in the implementation of proactive approaches is also substantiated.
proactive social policy, social contract, digital transformation, social investment, human capital, digital welfare state, third sector, algorithmization, legal data regime
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