Wheelsets directly subjected to a force impact under the interaction of wheels and rails are intense noisemakers when moving, including overhead cranes and railway rolling stock. Despite the design and functional differences, the calculation of vibroacoustic characteristics can be made from the unified positions. It should be noted that the calculation accuracy of the sound pressure levels and vibrations is in large part determined by the precision of setting the frequency-dependent loss factors of the vibration energy. Theoretical studies of this physical and mechanical value are rather complicated. Therefore, the regression curves obtained on the basis of the mathematical treatment of the experimental coefficient values of the wheelset assembly losses and the approximation dependencies by the exponential polynomials of various degrees should be used for the engineering analysis of the sound pressure levels and vibrations.
loss ratios, vibration energy, wheelsets.
Исследованию шума и вибрации подвижного состава посвящены работы [1—11]. Расчет вибраций узлов колесных пар технологических машин различного функционального назначения (электровозы, тепловозы, мостовые краны и т. д.) основан на использовании методов энергетического баланса [12]. Для этого необходимо знать значения коэффициентов потерь колебательной энергии, являющимися частотно-зависимыми величинами. В лабораторных условиях проводилась серия экспериментов по определению коэффициентов потерь колебательной энергии узлов колесных пар. Схемы установки данных узлов представлены на рис. 1. Колесная пара устанавливалась в центрах на массивной плите.
1. Van Beek, A., et al. State of the art: Technical Report. SNCF, 2002, p. 78.
2. Podust, S.F., Pronnikov, Y.V. Spektral´nyy sostav shuma v kabinakh lokomotivov. [The spectral composition of the noise in the cabs of locomotives.] Tr. mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. «Transport-2013». [Proc. Int. Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Transport-2013”.] Rostov State Transport University (RSTU), Rostov-on-Don, 2013, vol. 2, pp. 215-216 (in Russian).
3. Podust, S.F. Analiz zakonomernostey shumoobrazovaniya elektropoyezdov. [Analysis of patterns of electric noise generation]. Vestnik of RSTU, 2012, no.14, pp. 42-45 (in Russian).
4. Podust, S.F., Kuklin, D.A. Modelirovaniye vibroakusticheskoy dinamiki rel´sa na shpalakh [Vibroacoustic dynam-ics simulation of rail on sleepers.] Vestnik of DSTU, 2013, no. 1-2 (70-71), pp. 106-111 (in Russian).
5. Podust, S.F. Modelirovaniye vibroakusticheskoy dinamiki shpal pri dvizhenii podvizhnogo sostava [Modeling vi-broacoustic dynamics of sleepers when rolling equipment in motion.] Vestnik of RSTU, 2013, no. 1, pp. 50-54 (in Russian).
6. Podust, S.F. Eksperimental´nyye issledovaniya shuma i vibratsii gruzovykh poyezdov [Experimental studies of noise and vibration of freight trains.] IX Promyshlennyy kongress yuga Rossii: sb. statey (11-13 sentyabrya 2013, Rostov-na-Donu) [Proc. IX Industrial Congress of South Russia: 11-13 September, 2013, Rostov-on-Don.] DSTU Publ. Centre, 2013, pp. 212-214 (in Russian).
7. Podust, S.F., Pronnikov, YU.V. Eksperimental´nyye issledovaniya dissipativnoy funktsii elementov ostekleniya el-ektrovozov[Experimental studies of dissipation function of locomotive glazing elements.] IX Promyshlennyy kongress yuga Rossii: sb. statey (11-13 sentyabrya 2013, Rostov-na-Donu). [Proc. IX Industrial Congress of South Russia: 11-13 September, 2013, Rostov-on-Don.] DSTU Publ. Centre, 2013, pp. 215-221 (in Russian).
8. Pronnikov, YU.V. Modelirovaniye strukturnoy sostavlyayushchey shuma v kabinakh mashinistov podvizhnogo sostava[Modelling of the structural component of the noise in the rolling stock driving cab.] Vestnik of RSTU, 2010, no. 3, pp. 64-68 (in Russian).
9. Kolesnikov, I.V., Pronnikov, Y.V., Chukarin, A.N. Osnovy akusticheskogo proyektirovaniya kabin mashinistov (teoriya i praktika) [Basics of acoustic design of the driving cab (Theory and Practice).] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 2012, 120 p. (in Russian).
10. Podust, S.F., Chukarin, A.N., Boguslavskiy, I.V. Osnovy vibroakusticheskikh raschetov otechestvennykh el-ektrovozov. Monografiya [Fundamentals of vibroacoustic calculations of domestic locomotives. Monograph.] Rostov-on-Don: DSTU Publ. Centre, 2013, 160 p. (in Russian).
11. Kolesnikov, I.V., Podust, S.F., Podust, S.S., et al. Sposoby snizheniya shuma i vibratsiy pri proyektirovanii, pro-izvodstve i ekspluatatsii zheleznodorozhnogo podvizhnogo sostava [Ways to reduce noise and vibration in the design, manu-facture and operation of rolling stock.] Moscow: VINITI RAN, 2015, 216 p. (in Russian).
12. Nikiforov, А. S Akusticheskoe proektirovanie sudovykh konstruktsiy. [Acoustic design of ship structures.] Lenin-grad: Sudostroenie, 1990, 200 p. (in Russian).
13. Chukarin, А.N., Sychev, A.P., Podust, S.F. Issledovanie effektivnykh koeffitsientov poter´ energii kolebaniy v sterzhnevykh konstruktsiyakh. [Investigation of effective coefficients of oscillation energy loss in the frame structures.] Vestnik Mashinostroeniya,2015, no.7, pp. 35-37 (in Russian).
