doctoral candidate from 01.01.2025 until now
Uzbekistan
UDC 004.056
UDC 34
Abstract. Purpose. The article examines international legal approaches to regulating emergency intervention mechanisms in blockchain smart contracts and analyzes the possibility of adapting foreign experience in CIS countries. The research aims to identify optimal legal solutions for ensuring a balance between technological autonomy of decentralized systems and the need for legal control in the context of digital economic transformation. Research methods. Comparative legal analysis, formal legal method, analysis of normative acts and international documents are used. Special attention is paid to the study of European regulation of blockchain technologies and "kill switch" mechanisms. The legal regimes of the European Union (MiCA, Data Act, eIDAS 2.0), Switzerland, Singapore, UAE and Japan, as well as the legislation of CIS countries in the field of digital technologies, have been studied. Results. The conducted analysis demonstrates the evolution of approaches to legal regulation of smart contracts from complete autonomy to controlled decentralization. Key principles of European legislation in the field of digital technologies have been identified, including mandatory termination functions for smart contracts according to the EU Data Act. The main models of technical implementation of emergency shutdown mechanisms and criteria for their application have been established. Jurisdictional problems of cross-border enforcement of decisions on forced termination of smart contracts have been identified. Discussion. The development of blockchain technologies creates new challenges for traditional civil law, requiring a balance between technological innovation and legal certainty. "Kill switch" mechanisms represent a compromise between smart contract autonomy and the need for judicial control. CIS countries can use European experience to create modern legal regimes for regulating blockchain technologies, taking into account the national characteristics of legal systems. Specific recommendations for improving legislation.
blockchain technologies, smart contracts, private international law, digital assets, emergency shutdown mechanisms, kill switch, European regulation, Data Act, MiCA, eIDAS 2.0, CIS countries, civil law, decentralized technologies, legal regulation, digital economy.
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