АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МЕТОДОВ ЯДЕРНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИИ ГЕПАТОЦЕЛЛЮЛЯРНОЙ КАРЦИНОМЫ: АНАЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ ОБЗОР
Рубрики: ОБЗОР
Аннотация и ключевые слова
Аннотация (русский):
В представленном обзоре публикаций, вместе с кратким анализом заболеваемости, факторов риска возникновения и методов диагностики гепатоцеллюлярной карциномы (ГЦК), обозначены современные проблемы и перспективы применения методов ядерной медицины в диагностике и лечении данного заболевания. Гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома представляет собой одну из наиболее распространенных злокачественных опухолей печени и характеризуется быстро прогрессирующим течением с неблагоприятным жизненным прогнозом. Разнообразие клинических проявлений заболевания создает определенные трудности в ранней диагностике ГЦК. Несмотря на то, что для скрининга ГЦК наиболее часто используется определение уровня альфа-фетопротеина (АФП), ультразвуковое исследование (УЗИ), КТ с болюсным контрастированием и МРТ, важное значение в клинической практике имеет опыт применения радионуклидных визуализирующих методов диагностики, включая позитронную эмиссионную томографию (ПЭТ), которые, не являясь основным методом первичной диагностики ГЦК, тем не менее подтвердили свою актуальность в проведении дифференциальной диагностики между доброкачественной опухолью и метастазом при неясных диагностических данных, а также в процессе мониторинга лечения и в диагностике отдаленных метастазов. Вопросы концепции в определении лечебной стратегии у пациентов с ГЦК, в зависимости от стадирования заболевания, перспективы оптимизации стратегий лечения и традиционные методы лечения ГЦК подробно и глубоко освещены в разнообразных публикациях, включая публикации отечественных авторов. Исходя из этого, авторы статьи ограничились лишь кратким анализом применения методов эмболизации и лучевой терапии в лечении ГЦК, активное развитие которой в последнее десятилетие, а также перспективные ранние результаты лечения, предполагают, что лучевая терапия может рассматриваться как основной метод лечения ГЦК, наряду с другими традиционными методами. Дальнейшее изучение и развитие радионуклидных методов диагностики и терапии ГЦК, а также поиск и изучение новых РФП для диагностики и регионарной внутриартериальной радионуклидной терапии является одним из перспективных направлений в современных подходах к диагностике и лечению ГЦК.

Ключевые слова:
гепатоцеллюлярная карцинома, ядерная медицина, радиоэмболизация, химиоэмболизация, липиодол, сорафениб, внутриартериальная радионуклидная терапия
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