Апатиты, Россия
Апатиты, Россия
At present, cosmic ray (CR) physics uses a considerable variety of methods for studying CR characteristics of both primary and secondary fluxes. Experimental methods make the main contribution, using various types of detectors, but numerical methods increasingly complement it due to the active development in computer technology. This approach provides researchers with the most extensive information about details of the process or phenomenon and allows us to make the most competent conclusions. This paper presents a concept of the RUSCOSMIC © software package based on the GEANT4 toolkit and representing a range of different numerical models for studying CR propagation through medium of different systems (radiation detectors, Earth’s atmosphere). The obtained results represent response functions of the main radiation detectors as well as some typical characteristics of secondary CR fluxes. Comparative results also show the operation of the module verification of calculations with experimental data.
Cosmic rays, Experimental techniques, Numerical methods, Monte Carlo method, Radiation detectors, Particle interaction with matter
1. Agostinelli S., Allison J., Amako K., et al. Geant4 - a simulation toolkit. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2003, vol. 506, no. 3, p. 250. DOI: 10.1016 / S0168-9002 (03) 01368-8.
2. Bazilevskaya G.A. Usoskin I.G., Flückiger E.O., et al. Cosmic ray induced ion production in the atmosphere. Space Sci. Rev. 2008, vol. 137, pp. 149-173.
3. Bertini H.W. Intranuclear-cascade calculations of the secondary nucleon spectra from nucleon-nucleus interactions in the energy range 340 to 2900 MeV and comparison with experiment. Phys. Rev. 1969, vol. 188, pp. 1711-1730.
4. Chadwick M.B., Herman M., Obložinský P., et al. ENDF / B-VII.1 Nuclear Data for science and technology: Cross sections, covariances, Fission product yields and decay data. Nuclear Data Sheets. 2011, vol. 112, iss. 12, pp. 2887-2996.
5. Clem J.M., Dorman L.I. Neutron monitor response function. Space Science Rev. 2000, vol. 93, pp. 335-359.
6. Heikkinen A., Stepanov N., Wellisch J.P. Bertini intra-nuclear cascade implementation in Geant4. Computing in High Energy and Nuclear Physics. 24-28 March 2003, La Jolla, California. MOMT008.PDF.
7. Maurchev E.A., Balabin Yu.V., Vashenyuk E.V., Makhmutov V.S. Simulation of the transport of solar protons through the atmosphere in the 13 December 2006 GLE. Physics of Auroral Phenomena: Proc. XXXIV Annual Seminar. Apatity, 2011. pp. 110-113.
8. Picone J.M., Hedin A.E., Drob D.P., Aikin A.C. NRLMSISE-00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues. J. Geophys. Res. 2002, vol. 107, no. A12, p. 1468. DOI: 10.1029 / 2002JA009430.
9. Shea M.A., Smart D.F. Possible evidence for a rigidity dependent release of relativistic protons from the solar corona. Space Sci. Rev. 1982, vol. 32, pp. 251-271.
10. Vashenyuk E.V., Balabin Yu.V., Gvozdevsky B.B. Relativistic solar cosmic ray dynamics in large ground level events. Proc. 21 st ECRs, Kosice , Slovakia , 9-12 September, 2008. Inst. of Exp. Phys Slovak Academy of Sci Publ., 2009, pp. 264-268.
11. Vashenyuk E.V. Balabin Yu.V., Gvozdevsky B.B. Features of relativistic solar proton spectra derived from ground level enhancement events (GLE) modeling. Astrophys. Space Sci. Trans. 2011, vol. 7, pp. 459-463.
