Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Voronezh, Russian Federation
Voronezh, Russian Federation
UDK 630 Лесное хозяйство. Лесоводство
The issue of environmental friendliness of plywood remains relevant in the modern woodworking industry. Nanomodification of wood slab materials is one of the promising methods for solving this problem. Optical, chemical and IR spectroscopic methods were used to investigate and substantiate the presence of characteristic features of the nanocomposite in the resulting composite material of plywood based on birch veneer (Betula pendula Roth) and carbamide-formaldehyde resin modified with nanocrystalline cellulose. The advantage of a urea–formaldehyde binder in comparison with a phenol-formaldehyde binder for the production of plywood nanocomposite has been proven when activating a nanomodified binder by ultrasound and plywood in a pulsed magnetic field. The influence of the components of the complex binder on the morphology of the surface of the cured adhesive and the manufactured composite plywood has been established: homogenization of the binder, improvement of the quality of the adhesive seam and adhesion processes. The environmental friendliness of the nanocomposite was assessed by the formaldehyde content in the binder and plywood. The effect of crystalline nanocellulose on improving the environmental characteristics of the formaldehyde binder was confirmed: a decrease in the formaldehyde content in the urea–formaldehyde binder by 42.3% (from 0.882% to 0.509%), p<0.05; in the phenol-formaldehyde binder - by 11.9% (from 0.084% to 0.074%), p<0.05. The formaldehyde emission class of plywood on a carbamide-formaldehyde binder modified with nanocrystalline cellulose decreases from E2 to E1 (from 13.82 to 7.70 mg/100 g abs. dry plywood), p<0.05, and plywood obtained on a phenol-formaldehyde binder with nanocellulose remains unchanged – equal to E2 (from 15.58 to 8.35 mg/ 100 g abs. dry plywood), p<0.05. The production of the resulting nanocomposite eco-plywood should significantly expand the use of plywood as a structural material.
nanocrystalline cellulose, nanocomposite plywood, pulsed magnetic field, veneer, ultrasonic field, modification
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