employee
Saratov, Saratov, Russian Federation
graduate student
Saratov, Saratov, Russian Federation
Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
UDK 630 Лесное хозяйство. Лесоводство
One of the main directions of development of the forest and woodworking industry in this context is the use of the method of processing waste and low-quality wood into technological chips. This method allows to optimize the use ofbusiness wood resources, preserves forest areas, reduces the cost of reforestation and timber harvesting, and increases the share of timber yield from forest areas by 20-25%. "Green energy" undoubtedly has its costs, but is attractive for a number of other factors, for example, as a means for the state to take a conscious approach to its natural resources and environmental situation. Plant and woody biomass-based energy continues to gain popularity in many countries around the world, becoming a self-sustaining and competitive alternative to fossil fuels. Plantation forestry can become a breakthrough direction in ensuring the country's energy security on the basis of renewable energy sources. Fast growing plants such as poplar, willow and aspen are used to create energy forests. In the process of processing plantation forest products into wood chips, a wide range of chippers are used, which play an important role in the final product. They differ in terms of the type of cutting mechanism, mobility as well as the type of drive. At the same time, drive devices are the main element in the design of this equipment and have a significant impact on the choice of power plant and the parameters of the technological process of chopping raw materials. However, the issue of classification of chopping machines by type of drive has received insufficient development in the scientific literature. Therefore, in this paper the authors analyzed the types of drives of chopping equipment for wood raw materials, which can be the basis for creating the concept of a constructive scheme of new chopping equipment, characterized by high reliability of operation and safety of work production when chopping the products of energy forests into fuel chips.
forest plantations, chopping equipment, actuator, wood chips
1. Belyaev, S. V. Problemy i perspektivy polucheniya i primeneniya topliv iz biomassy, snizhayuschih vybrosy parnikovyh gazov / S. V. Belyaev, M. S. Levina // Resources and Technology. 2022. №3, T. 19. S. 83–100.-DOI:https://doi.org/10.15393/j2.art.2022.6463-URL:https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/problemy-i-perspektivy-polucheniya-i-p....
2. Böhlenius, Henrik Nilsson, Urban Salk, Carl. (2020). Liming increases early growth of poplars on forest sites with low soil pH. Biomass and Bioenergy. 138. 105572.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105572.DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105572.URL:https://www.Sciencedirect.Com/science/article/abs/pii/S0961953420301069#...
3. Fokin, S. V. Obosnovanie konstrukcii mashin frezernogo tipa dlya polucheniya biotopliva v usloviyah lesov stepnoy i lesostepnoy zon Povolzh'ya / S.V. Fokin, O.N. Shport'ko // Aktual'nye napravleniya nauchnyh issledovaniy XXI veka: teoriya i praktika. 2014. T. 2. № 5-3 (10-3). S. 156-160.-EDN: TEMEQJ-DOIhttps://doi.org/10.12737/6950-URL:https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=22778809.
4. Drapalyuk, M. V. Resursosberegayuschie tehnologii i tehnika pri plantacionnom lesovyraschivanii i zagotovke drevesnogo syr'ya / M. V. Drapalyuk, P. I. Popikov // Energoeffektivnost' i energosberezhenie v sovremennom proizvodstve i obschestve. Materialy mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii. 2021. S. 350-357.- EDNOIGFWG- URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=47155573.
5. Plykin, V. D. Netradicionnye vozobnovlyaemye istochniki energii : uchebnoe posobie. – Izhevsk: Izd-vo «Udmurtskiy universitet», 2013.172 s.-EDN: WEGYHY-URL:https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=wegyhy
6. Fokin, S. V. Ob ispol'zovanii drevesnyh othodov pri vosstanovlenii zaschitnyh lesnyh polos / S. V. Fokin, O. N. Shport'ko, V. V. Cyplakov // Nauchnaya zhizn'. 2015. № 6. S. 134-142. URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=25388509.
7. Grigor'eva, O. I. Effektivnaya tehnologiya raschistki drevesno-kustarnikovoy rastitel'nosti / O. I. Grigor'eva, A. B Davtyan // Povyshenie effektivnosti lesnogo kompleksa : Mater. Sed'moy Vseros. nac. nauch.-prakt. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem. Petrozavodsk, 2021. S. 34–35. – EDN: ZXLLFI. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=zxllfi.
8. Belyaev, S. V. Sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy primeneniya biomassy dlya polucheniya biotopliv / S. V. Belyaev, G. A. Davydkov, S. N. Perskiy // Aktual'nye voprosy nauki i tehniki.2015. S. 61–63. – EDN: TRCMYZ. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23355865.
9. Fokin, S. V. Ekologosberegayuschie tehnologii pri vedenii sovremennyh agrolesomeliorativnyh meropriyatiy / S. V. Fokin, O. N. Shport'ko, A. S. Burlakov // Nauchnaya zhizn'. 2017. № 7. S. 78-91. EDN: ZHTTGX. URL:https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=30058020.
10. Tehnologicheskiy algoritm proizvodstva produkcii iz porubochnyh ostatkov / A. P. Mohirev, K. P. Rukomoynikov, M. M. Gerasimova [i dr.] // Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedeniy. Lesnoy zhurnal. 2023. № 1 (391). – S. 153–171. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-153-171. – URL: https://journals.narfu.ru/index.php/fj/article/view/1343.
11. Grigor'ev, I. V. Perspektivnye napravleniya opytno-konstruktorskihrabot v lesnom mashinostroenii / I. V. Grigor'ev, O. A. Kunickaya // Povyshenie effektivnosti lesnogo kompleksa : Materialy III Vseros. nauchno-praktich. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem. Petrozavodsk, 2017. S. 53–56. – EDN: YTQUTK. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32681201.
12. Dobrecov, R. Yu. Problemy i perspektivy ispol'zovaniyav lesnom komplekse mashin s polugusenichnym dvizhitelem / R. Yu. Dobrecov, A. S. Dmitriev, I. V. Grigor'ev // Vestnik AGATU. 2022. № 4 (8). S. 95–105. – URL:https://new.nlrs.ru/open/99671.
13. Justice S., Biggs S. The spread of smaller engines and markets in machinery services in rural areas of South Asia // Journal of Rural Studies. 2020. T. 73. R. 10–20. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2019.11.013.
14. Liao W., Zeng F., Chanieabate M. Mechanization of Small-Scale Agriculture in China: Lessons for Enhancing Smallholder Access to Agricultural Machinery // Sustainability. – 2022. – T. 14. – №. 13. – R. 7964. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14137964.
15. Negrete J. C. Analysis of the current situation of two wheels tractors in Mexico //Horticult. Int J. – 2020. – T. 4. – №. 1. – S. 28-33. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/hij.2020.04.00152.
16. Peters M. D. J. et al. Scoping reviews: reinforcing and advancing the methodology and application //Systematic reviews. – 2021. – T. 10. – №. 1. – R. 1-6. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-021-01821-3.
17. Rohani A. et al. Designing and modeling the power transmission mechanism for existing walking tractors to facilitate their guidance and turning //International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing. – 2023. – T. 10. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-023-01516-0.
18. Takeshima H. Custom-hired tractor services and returns to scale in smallholder agriculture: a production function approach //Agricultural Economics. – 2017. – T. 48. – №. 3. – R. 363-372. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12339.
19. Takeshima H., Nin-Pratt A., Diao X. Mechanization and agricultural technology evolution, agricultural intensification in sub-Saharan Africa: Typology of agricultural mechanization in Nigeria //American Journal of Agricultural Economics. – 2013. – T. 95. – №. 5. – R. 1230-1236. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aat045.
20. Tangtong C. et al. Risk factors associated with hand tractor related injuries among rice farmers in Thai-land //Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal. – 2022. – T. 28. – №. 1. – R. 43-57. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2021.2014301.
21. Tihonova, E. V. Obzor predmetnogo polya kak metod sinteza nauchnyh dannyh / E. V. Tihonova, N. M. Shlenskaya // Hranenie i pererabotka sel'hozsyr'ya. – 2021. – № 3. – S. 11-25. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.36107/spfp.2021.257. – EDN UUDXHJ. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=48003100.
22. Shamsutdinova, A. I. Vnedrenie innovaciy v lesnoe hozyaystvo RF i perspektivy ih razvitiya / A. I. Shamsutdinova, G. F. Ilalova, A. R. Muhtarova // Nauka molodyh - buduschee Rossii : Sbornik nauchnyh statey 2-y Mezhdunar. nauch. konferencii perspektivnyh razrabotok molodyh uchenyh. V 5 t., Kursk,13–14 dekabrya 2017 goda / otv. red. A. A. Gorohov. T. 5. – Kursk : ZAO "Universitetskaya kniga", 2017. – S. 211-213. – EDN YBBGRQ. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=31736899.
23. Chebukova, A. V. Metodicheskie osnovy vnedreniya «berezhlivogo proizvodstva» / A. V. Chebukova, G. R. Garipova, Ya. S. Chernyavskaya // Kachestvo v proizvodstvennyh i social'no-ekonomicheskih sistemah: sb. nauch. tr. 7-y Mezhdunar. nauchno-tehn. konf. Kursk, 2019. S. 188–190. – EDN: CSSHIT. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=csshit.
24. Problemy povysheniya kachestva otechestvennogo lesnogo mashinostroeniya / O. A. Kunickaya, V. A. Makuev, T. N. Storodubceva [i dr.] // Sistemy. Metody.Tehnologii. 2022. № 4 (56). S. 57–63. – EDN: OHGHQS. – URL:https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49848720.
25. Fokin, S. V. Ob osnovnyh vidah energeticheskoy drevesiny / S. V. Fokin, O. A. Fomina // Forest Engineering : materialy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. 2018. S. 273-276. – EDN: SMBQRR. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=35278500.
26. Golyakevich, S. A. Analiz i perspektivy ispol'zovaniya lesozagotovitel'noy tehniki v prirodno-proizvodstvennyh usloviyah Respubliki Belarus' / S. A. Golyakevich //Trudy BGTU. Seriya 1: Lesnoe hozyaystvo, prirodopol'zovanie i pererabotka vozobnovlyaemyh resursov. 2021. № 2 (246). S. 188-195. – EDN: WYNXGI. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.52065/2519-402X-2021-246-23-188-195. – URL:https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=46408166.
27. Fokin, S. V. Sposoby transportirovaniya schepy iz rubitel'nyh mashin / S. V. Fokin, O. A. Fomina // Nauchnaya zhizn'. 2018. № 2. S. 10-15. – EDN: YVTTJL. – URL:https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32788506.
28. Varol T. et al. Efficiency Comparison of Mechanization Techniques in Nursery // European Journal of Forest Engineering. – 2019. – T. 5. – № 2. – R. 68-76. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.33904/ejfe.581652.
29. Fokin, S. V. O konstruktivnyh shemah podachi syr'ya k izmel'chitelyu v diskovyh rubil'nyh mashinah / S. V. Fokin, O. N. Shport'ko // Innovacionnoe tehnicheskoe obespechenie agropromyshlennogo kompleksa : mater. nauch.-tehn. konferencii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem imeni A.F. Ul'yanova. – Saratov, Vavilovskiy universitet, 2023. S. 255-259. – EDN: UXRMCA. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=uxrmca.
30. Zhang X., Yang J., Thomas R. Mechanization outsourcing clusters and division of labor in Chinese agriculture // China Economic Review. – 2017. – T. 43. – R. 184–195. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2017.01.012.
31. Fokin, S. V. K voprosu pererabotki drevesnyh othodov na predpriyatiyah APK / S. V. Fokin, O. N. Shport'ko, K. S. Manyshev // Sovremennoe ekologicheskoe sostoyanie prirodnoy sredy i nauchno-prakticheskie aspekty racional'nogo prirodopol'zovaniya : Mater. II mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. internet-konferencii FGBNU «Prikaspiyskiy NII aridnogo zemledeliya». 2017. S. 1822-1825. – EDN: ZANRSL. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29727486.
32. Myasischev, D. G. Optimizaciya konstruktivnyh parametrov sistemy "rabochiy organ - motoshassi" dlyaizmel'cheniya napochvennogo rastitel'nogo pokrova / D. G. Myasischev, S. A. Putincev // Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskoy lesotehnicheskoy akademii. – 2016. – № 215. – S. 149-162. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2016.215.149-162. – EDNWAXWCF. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=26180945.
33. Myasischev, D. G. Potencial maloy mehanizacii v lesohozyaystvennyh tehnologicheskih processah / D. G. Myasischev // Izvestiya vysshih uchebnyh zavedeniy. Lesnoy zhurnal. – 2018. – № 1(361). – S. 70–79. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.17238/issn0536-1036.2018.1.70. – EDN YNMFBS. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32367561.
34. Djordjevich S. J., Djordjevich-Miloshevich S. B., Miloshevich S. M. Assessment of Conditions and Experience for Plantation of Agro-Energy Crops on Degraded Agricultural Land in Serbia // World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. 2016. Vol. 10(7). R. 447-50.-DOI: doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1125827- URL:https://publications.waset.org/10005064.
35. Yakimov, V. A. Eksperimental'noe issledovanie lesnogo posevnogo agregata na baze motoshassi / V. A. Yakimov, D. G. Myasischev // Aktual'nye napravleniya nauchnyh issledovaniy XXI veka: teoriya i praktika. – 2014. – T. 2, № 3-4(8-4). – S. 95–98. – DOIhttps://doi.org/10.12737/4347. – EDN SHVQVL. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=21744407.
36. Zarovnyaev, T. D. Tehnologicheskiy process po pererabotke othodov lesozagotovitel'nogo proizvodstva / T. D. Zarovnyaev, E. I. Nikitina, O. A. Kunickaya // Sovremennye problemy i dostizheniya agrarnoy nauki v Arktike : Sb. nauch. st. po materialam Vseros. stud. nauchno-praktich. konf. s mezhdunar. uchastiem v ramkah «Severnogo foruma – 2020» (29-30 sent. 2020 g., Yakutsk) i Mezhdunar. nauch. onlayn letney shkoly – 2020 (6-20 iyulya 2020 g., Yakutsk). Yakutsk, 2020. S. 107–114. – EDN: QJTFUA. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=qjtfua.
37. Novikov, A. I. Opyt primeneniya al'ternativnyh istochnikov energii v transportno-tehnologicheskom komplekse / A. I. Novikov // Al'ternativnye istochniki energii v transportno-tehnologicheskom komplekse: problemy i perspektivy racional'nogo ispol'zovaniya. – 2014. – T. 1, № 1 (1). – S. 62–65. – EDN: TJQQLD. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23015125.
38. Stolbin, V. S. Analiz nauchnyh issledovaniy v oblasti ocenki ekologicheskogo vozdeystviya lesopromyshlennyh mashin i tehnologiy na lesnye ekosistemy / V. S. Stolbin, S. A. Golyakevich // Trudy BGTU. Seriya 1: Lesnoe hozyaystvo, prirodopol'zovanie i pererabotka vozobnovlyaemyh resursov. – 2020. – № 2 (234). – S. 149–159. – EDN: NOYHHM. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=43937082.
39. Kotel'nikov, N. V. Tehniko-ekonomicheskoe obosnovanie proekta po vnedreniyu biotoplivnogo kotla dlya utilizacii drevesnyh porubochnyh ostatkov / N. V. Kotel'nikov, E. V. Pruidze, S. P. Gagunov // Baykal'skaya nauka: idei, innovacii, investicii. – Irkutsk, 2019. S. 14–20. – EDN: NRPZAQ. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42573994.
40. Grigor'ev, V. I. Lesnye plantacii v Aziatsko-Tihookeanskom regione / V. I. Grigor'ev // Nauka i innovacii: vektory razvitiya : mater. mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konferencii molodyh uchenyh, Barnaul, 24-25 oktyabrya 2018 goda. S. 75-78. – EDN: RZXKVD. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=37324863.
41. Tehnologicheskiy algoritm proizvodstva produkcii iz porubochnyh ostatkov / A. P. Mohirev, K. P. Rukomoynikov, M. M. Gerasimova, S. O. Medvedev, M. A. Zyryanov // Izv. vuzov. Lesn. zhurn. 2023. № 1. S. 153−171. – EDN: RMNTFL. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-153-171. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?edn=rmntfl.
42. Lyubov, V. K. Povyshenie effektivnosti energeticheskogo ispol'zovaniya biotopliva / V. K. Lyubov, I. I. Cypnyatov // Izv. vuzov. Lesn. zhurn. 2023. № 1. S. 172–185. – EDN: JSRLLO. – DOI: https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-1-172-185. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=50260969.
43. Shegel'man, I. R.Tipizaciya lesnyh territoriy po prirodno-proizvodstvennym usloviyam na osnove klasternogo analiza / I. R. Shegel'man, P. V. Budnik // Izv. VUZov. Lesnoy zhurnal, 2021. № 1. S. 120–137. – EDN: XORRKH. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.17238/issn0536-1036. – URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=44729465.
44. Patent na poleznuyu model' № 221 248 U1 , MPK B27L 11/00 (2006.01),A01G 23/00 (2006.01), SPKB27L 11/00 (2023.08), A01G 23/00 (2023.08)Ustroystvo dlya izmel'cheniya porubochnyh ostatkov / Fokin S. V, Medvedeva P. Yu.; zayavitel' i patentoobladatel' FGBOU VO Vavilovskiy universitet. – № 2023123326; zayavl. 08.09.2023; opubl. 26.10.2023 Byul. № 30.
45. Malyukov, S. V. Analiz konstrukciy i rezhimov raboty diskovyh rubitel'nyh mashin / S. V. Malyukov, A. A. Aksenov, M. A. Malyukova // Lesotehnicheskiy zhurnal. – 2021. – T. 11, № 4 (44). – S. 139–149. – DOI:https://doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2021.4/12. – https://elibrary.ru/xknnup.
