METHODICAL FEATURES ANALYSIS OF DAMAGE ACCUMULATION AND ACHIEVEMENT OF THE ULTIMATE STATE OF OBJECTS UNDER COMBINED IMPACTS OF MULTIPARAMETER FORCE FACTORS AND ENVIRONMENT
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
The paper proposes a new methodological approach, coupled with complex analysis of reaching damages and limit states of materials and structural elements under multi-parameter actions of various kinds of loads and the environment, taking into account changes in the stress-strain state, material properties and the kinetics of components damageability as well as time factor. We propose to consider damageaccumulation as a multi-level analysis, uniting a group of micro, mesoand macroscales and analyze it in probabilistic setup. During the damageextentestimation we invite to use the method of modulus of rupture variationand a method based on the analysis of changes in stiffness matrix in model studies. Also in this regard, are considered the probability matrix methods of scripting to achieve the ultimate states, which provide construction of macro- vulnerability matrix, mezovulnerability matrix and vector of threats.

Keywords:
limit state, damage accumulation, multiparameter loading, vulnerability, fracture.
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1. Постановка проблемы

В процессе функционирования объектов техносферы их несущие конструкции, детали подвергаются непрерывным повреждающим и разрушающим воздействиям с постоянным ухудшением их технического состояния. Это обусловлено воздействием технологических и внешних эксплуатационных нагрузок и ряда факторов окружающей среды, которые носят случайный характер [1, 3]. Данные воздействия и факторы ведут к возникновению и накоплению в элементах конструкций, деталях машин и оборудования различных видов повреждений d(τ) (износ, усталость, физическое старение, появление и рост трещин и др.). Достигнув критического уровня, накопленные в результате процесса эксплуатации повреждения приводят к нарушению работоспособного состояния оборудования, выработке и исчерпанию ресурса и, как следствие, к чрезвычайным ситуациям (отказам, авариям и катастрофам).

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