DIAGNOSIS OF MELANOMA: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Rubrics: REVIEWS
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
The article reflects the main factors influencing the survival of patients. The basic principles of diagnosing melanoma are presented. Methods for diagnosing skin melanoma, including invasive and non-invasive methods, are presented in detail and with justification. Among non-invasive methods for diagnosing skin melanoma, the role of physical examination and dermatoscopy in cases of suspected melanoma is emphasized. Among instrumental examination methods, the use of such research methods as ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography is considered. Among laboratory methods, methods of molecular genetic research and determination of biomarkers of skin melanoma are presented. Among the invasive methods, the use of such biopsy methods as excisional and incisional biopsy is considered, with clarification of the indications and contraindications for their use. At the end of the work, the basic requirements for the early diagnosis of skin melanoma are listed. In conclusion, the latest trends in the diagnosis of skin melanoma, new non-invasive methods and an algorithm for diagnosing skin melanoma are identified.

Keywords:
melanoma, diagnostic principles, physical examination, dermatoscopy, instrumental diagnostics, melanoma biopsy, morphological study, molecular genetic study, melanoma biomarkers, early diagnosis
References

1. Abdurahmanov, A.K. i dr. Diagnostika melanomy kozhi. Obzor literatury /A.K. Abdurahmanov, A.A. Tonkacheva //Byulleten' medicinskih internet-konferenciy. - OOO «Nauka i innovacii», 2021. - T. 11, №. 1 - S. 5-6.

2. Babuhin, E.E. Biopsiya storozhevogo limfouzla pri melanome - rol' v taktike opredeleniya lecheniya /E.E. Babuhin //Zlokachestvennye opuholi. - 2021. - T. 11, № 3S1. - S. 22-23.

3. Garanina, O.E. i dr. Neinvazivnye metody diagnostiki opuholey kozhi i ih potencial primeneniya dlya skrininga melanomy kozhi: sistematicheskiy obzor literatury /O.E. Garanina, I.V. Samoylenko, I.L. Shlivko [i dr.] //Medicinskiy sovet. - 2020. - № 9. - S. 97-115.

4. Demchenko, A.S. i dr. Mutacii v genah pri melanome kozhi /A.S. Demchenko, A.G. Sinyakov //Universitetskaya medicina Urala. Tyumenskiy gos. med. universitet. - 2021. - T. 7, № 3. - S. 27-28.

5. Eremina, E.N. i dr. Molekulyarno-geneticheskie markery pigmentnoy melanomy kozhi (obzor literatury) /E.N. Eremina, A.R. Karahanyan, D.A. Vahrunin //Sibirskoe medicinskoe obozrenie. - 2020. - №. 3 (123). - S. 38-46.

6. Kudrin, K.G. i dr. Rannyaya diagnostika melanomy kozhi s primeneniem neskol'kih izobrazhayuschih sistem /K.G. Kudrin, E.N. Rimskaya, I.A. Apollonova [i dr.] //Optika i spektroskopiya. - 2020. - T. 128, № 6. - S. 820-831.

7. Kudryavcev, D.V. i dr. Issledovanie storozhevyh limfaticheskih uzlov u bol'nyh s ranee operirovannoy klinicheski lokalizovannoy melanomoy kozhi / D.V. Kudryavcev, G.T. Kudryavceva, Yu.S. Mardynskiy [i dr.] //Sarkomy kostey, myagkih tkaney i opuholi kozhi. - 2022. - № 2. - S. 29-33.

8. Makarychev, I.S. i dr. Vyyavlenie dermatoskopicheskih kriteriev dlya predvaritel'noy neinvazivnoy ocenki tolschiny melanomy po Breslou / I.S. Makarychev, O.E. Garanina, I.L. Shlivko //VolgaMedScience. - 2022. - S. 162-164.

9. Maksimova, N.A. i dr. Ul'trazvukovoe issledovanie pri planirovanii operaciy po povodu melanomy kozhi konechnostey /N.A. Maksimova, Yu.V. Przhedeckiy O.V. Hohlova [i dr.] //Sibirskiy onkologicheskiy zhurnal. - 2019. - T. 18, № 1. - S. 95-102.

10. Mamunov, M.V. i dr. Diagnosticheskaya effektivnost' osnovnyh dermato-skopicheskih simptomov i algoritmov dlya vyyavleniya melanomy kozhi /M.V. Mamunov, A.V. Patrushev //Izvestiya Rossiyskoy Voenno-med. akademii. - 2021. - T. 40, № 1. - S. 45-52.

11. Michenko, A.V. i dr. Vedenie pacientov s vysokim riskom razvitiya melanomy kozhi: organizacionnye i klinicheskie aspekty /A.V. Michenko, O.V. Zhukova, M.N. Ostrecova i O.L. Novozhilova //Medicinskiy sovet. - 2021, № 8. - S. 21-26.

12. Ovanesyan, V.E. i dr. Zhidkostnaya biopsiya pri uveal'noy melanome. Est' li smysl? / V.E. Ovanesyan, V.G. Lihvanceva, S.I. Rychkova i S.A. Sel'kov //Oftal'mologiya. - 2022. - T. 19, № 3. - S. 594-602.

13. Romanova, O.A. i dr. Kliniko-morfologicheskie paralleli v diagnostike progressiruyuschego displasticheskogo nevusa i ranney melanomy kozhi /O.A. Romanova, N.G., Artem'eva, M. G. Solohina [i dr.] //Onkologiya. Zhurnal im. PA Gercena. - 2019. - T. 8, № 1. - S. 26-31.

14. Safronova, K.V. i dr. Melanoma nizhnego zhenskogo polovogo trakta (vul'vy, vlagalischa i sheyki matki): obzor literatury i sobstvennye nablyudeniya / K.V. Safronova, A.S. Artem'eva, A.A. Sidoruk [i dr.] //Opuholi zhenskoy reproduktivnoy sistemy. - 2019. - T. 15, № 3. - S. 44-53.

15. Sergeev, Yu.Yu. i dr. Melanoma kozhi, vyyavlennaya v processe dinamicheskogo nablyudeniya: obzor literatury i sluchai iz praktiki /Yu.Yu. Sergeev, D.S. Beynusov, V.V. Mordovceva i V.Yu. Sergeev //Farmateka. - 2021. - T. 28, № 14. - S. 34-41.

16. Sorokina, M.V. i dr. Rol' i mesto PET/KT v ocenke rasprostranennosti melanomy kozhi /M.V. Sorokina, A. N. Red'kin, E.Yu. Ustinova i O.V. Manukovskaya //Vestnik rentgenologii i radiologii. - 2022. - T. 103, № 1-3. - S. 77-82.

17. Chulkova, S.V. i dr. Perspektivy ispol'zovaniya mikroRNK v kachestve diagnosticheskih i prognosticheskih biomarkerov melanomy /S.V. Chulkova, D.A. Ryabchikov, I.A. Dudina [i dr.] //Rossiyskiy bioterapevticheskiy zhurnal. - 2019. - T. 18, № 4. - S. 51-56.

18. Ebert, M.A. i dr. Sovremennyy vzglyad na diagnostiku melanomy kozhi / M.A. Ebert, G. Gafton, G. Zinov'ev, G. Gafton //Voprosy onkologii. - 2019. - T. 65, № 5. - S. 638-644.

19. Ebert, M.A. i dr. Biopsiya storozhevogo limfouzla pri melanome kozhi: opyt odnogo centra / M.A. Ebert, G. Zinov'ev, I. Gafton [i dr.] //Effektivnaya farmakoterapiya. - 2021. - T. 17, № 11. - S. 16-21.

20. Davis L.E. et al. Current state of melanoma diagnosis and treatment / L.E. Davis, S.C. Shalin, A.J. Tackett //Cancer biology & therapy. - 2019. - Vol. 20, № 11. - P. 1366-1379.

21. Hartman R.I. et al. Cutaneous melanoma - a review in detection, staging, and management / R.I. Hartman, J.Y. Lin //Hematology/Oncology Clinics. - 2019. - Vol. 33, № 1. - P. 25-38.

22. Kalaora, S. et al. Mechanisms of immune activation and regulation: lessons from melanoma /S. Kalaora, A. Nagler, J.A. Wargo & Y. Samuels //Nature Reviews Cancer. - 2022. - Vol. 22, № 4. - P. 195-207.

23. Kulkarni, R.P. et al. To improve melanoma outcomes, focus on risk stratification, not overdiagnosis /R.P. Kulkarni, Y.Y. Wesley, S.A. Leachman //JAMA dermatology. - 2022. - Vol. 158, № 5. - P. 485-487.

24. Mohammadpour, A. et al. Melanoma: where we are and where we go / A. Mohammadpour, M. Derakhshan, H. Darabi [et al.] //Journal of Cellular Physiology. - 2019. - Vol. 234, № 4. - P. 3307-3320.

25. Nelson, K.C. et al. Evaluation of the number-needed-to-biopsy metric for the diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis /K.C. Nelson, S.M. Swetter, K. Saboda [et al.] //JAMA dermatology. - 2019. - Vol. 155, № 10. - P. 1167-1174.

26. Pathania, Y.S. et al. Non-invasive diagnostic techniques in pigmentary skin disorders and skin cancer /Y.S. Pathania, Z. Apalla, G. Salerni [et al.] //Journal of cosmetic dermatology. - 2022. - Vol. 21, № 2. - P. 444-450.

Login or Create
* Forgot password?