graduate student from 01.01.2023 until now
Zheleznogorsk, Kursk, Russian Federation
UDK 10 Философия
The article traces how philosophy since antiquity has been trying to conceptualise the nature of the mental, or soul, as it was then understood. The author shows that already ancient Greek philosophers in their «psychological» doctrines thought about the speci-ficity of the mental, about the correlation between the soul and the body, formulating various theories, which the author divides into “monistic” and “dualistic” on the basis of the classification proposed in the context of the article. Despite using a different cate-gorical system and focusing on other issues, the Greeks proposed some of the first theo-ries of the mental, some ideas of which anticipated subsequent discussions of the nature of mind. It is concluded that the subject of the mental was present in philosophy from the very beginning, albeit in an embryonic, historically conditioned form. Ancient Greek ideas about the soul can be regarded as early attempts to conceptualise the unique phe-nomenon of human existence, which would later be called «mind», as a precursor to more mature forms of comprehension of the mental.
mind, mental, soul, antiquity, Plato, Aristotle, pre-Socratics
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