Moskva, Moscow, Russian Federation
The article focuses on parents’ and teachers’ expert assessment of readiness of educational institutions to teach pupils with infantile cerebral palsy (ICP). The authors identified special educational conditions necessary for successful education of ICP children and developed questionnaires to determine the level of satisfying these conditions in three types of educational institutions. The questionnaires include questions on the following categories of special conditions: barrier-free architectural environment and the availability of special technical equipment and devices for teaching; staff; software and methodological support; medical support and recovery activities; psychological and pedagogical support and intervention work; provisions for orthopedic treatment; cooperation with parents. Results of questioning allowed carrying out the monitoring of special educational conditions relying on Federal State Educational Standard for pupils with limited health abilities. The article presents a comparative analysis of the survey among parents and teachers of special schools for children with musculoskeletal disorders, secondary schools and schools of distance learning, which educate children with cerebral palsy.
ICP pupils, special educational conditions, the willingness of educational institutions to teach ICP children, type VI educational organizations, distance learning, inclusive education.
В последние годы система специального образования в Российской Федерации претерпела существенные изменения. Возможности получения образования детьми-инвалидами и детьми с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ОВЗ) значительно расширились. Произошедшие изменения во многом коснулись и нормативно-правовой базы специального образования. Федеральный закон от 29 декабря 2012 г. № 273-ФЗ «Об образовании в Российской Федерации» дает родителям право выбора образовательного маршрута для своего ребенка. Приказом Минобрнауки России от 19 декабря 2014 г. № 1598 утверждены Федеральный государственный образовательный стандарт начального общего образования обучающихся с ограниченными возможностями здоровья (ФГОС НОО обучающихся с ОВЗ; далее — Стандарт) и Требования к адаптированным основным общеобразовательным программам (АООП) начального общего образования обучающихся с ограниченными возможностями здоровья.
1. Vedikhova, D.S. Spetsial’noe obrazovanie detey s detskimi tserebral’nymi paralichami v Rossii [Special education of children with cerebral palsy in Russia]. Materialy V Mezhdunarodnoy studencheskoy elektronnoy nauchnoy konferentsii «Studencheskiy nauchnyy forum» [Proceedings of the V International Student econference «Student scientific forum»]. Available at: URL:http://www.scienceforum.ru/2013/169/3961 (Accessed 22 April 2015).
2. Staroverova M.S. Inklyuzivnoe obrazovanie: Nastol´naya kniga pedagoga, rabotayushchego s det´mi s OVZ [Inclusive education: Handbook of teachers working with children with HIA]. Moscow, Vlados Publ., 2012, 167 p.
3. Smirnova I.A. Korrektsionno-pedagogicheskaya rabota v shkole dlya detey s narusheniyami oporno-dvigatel´nogo apparata [corrective pedagogical work in the school for children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system]. St. Petersburg, ISPiP Publ., 2000. 99 p.
4. Levchenko I.Yu. Distantsionnoe obrazovanie detey s narusheniyami oporno-dvigatel´nogo apparata [Distance education of children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system]. Available at: http://ramenki.mskzapad.ru/activity/experiment/articles8/1/
5. Levchenko, I.Yu., Prikhod´ko, O. G. Tekhnologii obucheniya i vospitaniya detey s narusheniyami opornodvigatel´nogo apparata [IT training and education of children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system]. Moscow, Akademiya Publ., 2001. 192 p.
6. Levchenko, I.Yu., Simonova, T.N. Odin ikh podkhodov k psikhologo-pedagogicheskoy pomoshchi detyam s tyazhelymi dvigatel´nymi narusheniyami [One of their approaches to psychological and educational assistance for children with severe motor impairment]. Zhurnal nevropatologiya i psikhiatriya im. Korsakova [Journal of Neuropathology and Psychiatry named after Korsakov]. 2012, V. 112, № 7, I. 2, pp. 47-51.
7. Ob obrazovanii v Rossiyskoy Federatsii: Feder. zakon ot 29 dekabrya 2012 g. № 273-FZ: prinyat Gos. Dumoy Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 21 dekabrya 2012 g., odobr. Sovetom Federatsii Feder. Sobr. Ros. Federatsii 26 dekabrya 2012 g. [On Education in the Russian Federation: Feder. Act of December 29, 2012 № 273-FZ adopted by the State. Duma Feder. Coll. Ros. Federation of December 21, 2012, approved. Federation Council Feder. Coll. Ros. Federation of December 26, 2012]. Rossiyskaya gazeta [the Russian newspaper]. 2012, 31 December.
8. Osobennosti obucheniya rebenka s narusheniyami opornodvigatel´nogo apparata v obshcheobrazovatel´nom uchrezhdenii [Features of training a child with disorders of the musculoskeletal system in educational institution: guidelines]. Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nestor-Istoriya Publ., 2012. 216 s.
9. Ob utverzhdenii Federal´nogo gosudarstvennogo obrazovatel´nogo standarta nachal´nogo obshchego obrazovaniya obuchayushchikhsya s ogranichennymi vozmozhnostyami zdorov´ya: prikaz Minobrnauki Rossii ot 19 dekabrya 2014 g. № 1598: zareg. v Minyuste Rossii 3 fevralya 2015 g. № 35847. [Approval of the federal state educational standard of primary education of students with disabilities: the order of the Russian Ministry of the December 19, 2014 № 1598: eV. Russian Ministry of Justice in February 3, 2015 № 35847.]
10. Samsonova E.V. Sozdanie spetsial´nykh usloviy dlya detey s narusheniyami oporno-dvigatel´nogo apparata v obshcheobrazovatel´nykh uchrezhdeniyakh [The creation of special conditions for children with disorders of the musculoskeletal system in educational institutions: methodical collection]. Moscow, MGPPU Publ., 2012. 64 p.
