The work objective is to study the fundamental parametric solutions to create the equipment for the oxygen enrichment of water in the closed water systems in recycling. It is assumed to achieve the effect of disinfection excluding the addition of oxygen into water from special containers. For a variety of advantages, velocity-layer devices (VLD) are chosen as a target of research. In the known development of these devices there are some questions on the fundamental solutions; besides, the effectiveness of factors for the oxygen enrichment of water is not determined. The logical analysis of the existing data on the processes taking place in the VLD, analytical methods of problem- solution, screening studies on the impact of some factors by applying a known control equipment, and statistical data processing, are used as research techniques. As a result of the work performed, the most significant factors operating in the velocity- layer devices are identified. The searching and screening experiments have shown that the cavitation and occurrence of free air in the treatment chamber have the greatest impact on the oxygen enrichment of water and the water disinfection for aquaculture. Besides, to reduce energy losses, the gaps between the magnetic conductors should be reduced as much as possible. The results of these experiments allow offering the design that provides the prevalence of the mentioned factors in the treatment of the wastewater for aquaculture
aquaculture, velocity-layer device, oxygen enrichment of water, the rotating magnetic field, ferromagnetic rods, cavitation.
Введение. Мировое производство искусственно выращиваемой рыбы (аквакультура) увеличивается ежегодно почти
на 6 %. Для сравнения можно привести соответствующие данные, например, по домашней птице — 4 % и по свинине— 1,7 %. В 2014 году мировое производство рыбы составило 158 млн т. Почти половина этого количества — 66 млн т
выращивается в искусственных условиях. Аквакультура развивается и в России, и во всем мире [1]. В 2014 году в ры-
боводческих хозяйствах нашей страны выращено 3,68 млн т рыбы.
Обеспечение в бассейне постоянной температуры, состава воды и содержания в ней кислорода позволяет до-
стичь наилучших показателей по скорости выращивания, экономному расходу воды, кормов, экологичности. Если
выращивание одного килограмма рыбы в естественных условиях требует 650 л воды, то в бассейне — только 9 л [2].
Однако выращивание рыбы в бассейнах с поддержанием определенной бактериальной среды затрудняется рядом фак-
торов, в частности требует существенных затрат. В России не производится оборудование, позволяющее обеззаражи-
вать и обогащать кислородом воду для аквакультуры. Отечественное рыбоводство зависит от поставок импортной
техники — дорогостоящей и не всегда высокоэффективной. Это тормозит развитие производства рыбы в искусствен-
ных условиях.
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2. Proskurenko, I.V. Zamknutye rybovodnye ustanovki. [Closed fish-breeding units.] Moscow: Izdatel´stvo VNIRO, 2003, 152 p. (in Russian).
3. Vershinin, N.P. Ustanovki aktivatsii protsessov. [Process activation installations.] Rostov-on-Don: Innovator, 2004, 96 p. (in Russian).
4. Logvinenko, D.D., Shelyakov, O.P. Intensifikatsiya tekhnologicheskikh protsessov v apparatakh s vikhrevym sloem. [Intensification of technological processes in the velocity-layer devices.] Kiev: Tekhnika, 1970, 144 p. (in Russian).
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9. Vershinin, N.P., Vershinin, I.N. Apparat vikhrevogo sloya: patent 2072257 Ros. Federatsiya: В01F13/08. [The vortex- layer device.] Patent RF, no. 2072257, 1997 (in Russian).
10. Adoshev, А.I., Kovalenko, V.V. Ferrovikhrevoy apparat: patent 2323040 Ros. Federatsiya: B01F13/08. [The ferro- vortex device.] Patent RF, no. 2323040, 2008 (in Russian).
11. Gil, N.A., Smekhunov, E.A., Kovalenko, M.V. Perspektivy primeneniya ustanovki aktivizatsii protsessov dlya podgotovki vody dlya akvakul´tury [Application prospects of the revitalization process installation for water treatment for aquaculture.] Tekhnicheskie sredstva akvakul´tury: sb. trudov mezhdunar. nauch. konf. [Technical equipment for aquaculture: Proc. Int.Sci. Conf.] Rostov-on-Don, DSTU Publ. Centre, 2014, pp. 142-143 (in Russian).
12. Gil, N.A., Smekhunov, E.A. Obrabotka vody v ustanovkakh zamknutogo tsikla. [Water treatment at closed-cycle plants.] Sostoyanie i perspektivy razvitiya sel´skokhozyaystvennogo mashinostroeniya : mat-ly 16-y mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. [State and prospects of development of agricultural engineering : Proc. XVI Int. Sci.-Prac. Conf.] Rostov-on-Don, 2013, pp. 47-50 (in Russian).
13. Christopher, E.-B. Cavitation and Buble Dynamics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, 284 p.
14. Akopyan, B.V., Yershov, Y.A. Osnovy vzaimodeystviya ul´trazvuka s biologicheskimi ob´´ektami. Ul´trazvuk v meditsine, veterinarii i eksperimental´noy biologii. [Fundamentals of the ultrasound - biological objects interaction. Ultrasound in medicine, veterinary medicine, and experimental biology.] Moscow: Izdatel´stvo MGTU im. Baumana, 2005, 224 p. (in Russian)
