Kemerovo, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Problem of obtaining mixtures of bulk materials is of current interest for various industries, thus, analysis of original designs of drum, vibratory and centrifugal continuous mixers is an actual scientific task. Mixers developed in Kemerovo Technological Institute of Food Industry (University) for processing of bulk materials are easy to manu-facture, provide highly effective mixing of ingredients with a broad range of physical-mechanical properties in thin vibroboiling and disperse layers, with the organization of various leading (bypass) and recirculation flows. Presented designs of mixers have small dimensions and low energy costs. They make good smoothing ability of complex input fluctuations possible using volume dosing. Mixing process time in them does not exceed a few minutes, different bulk compositions resulting in a good quality. Drum mixers under consideration, are characterized by little influence on material to be mixed, and may be used in technological schemes requiring the minimum damage to particles. They have also small dimensions. To obtain bulk compounds with a high mixing ratio it is appropriate to apply centrifugal continuous mixers, characterized by high efficiency at small size and low energy consumption. The examined designs combine mixing processes in thin layers of diluted and dispersed flows and they have a high degree of smoothing ability of input material flows. Mixing process intensification in the designs of continuous mixers is carried out by organization of internal and external recirculation of leading flows and separation of input flows into several parts and their subsequent multiple intersection.
Drum mixer, vibratory mixer, centrifugal mixer, mixing intensification, bulk material, mixing quality, recirculating of material flows
INTRODUCTION
Present requirements to the quality of mixtures are characterized by a considerable increase of physical - mechanical and flavoring properties of a final product. It is therefore advisable to develop new designs of con-tinuous mixers (CMs), equipped with appropriate dos-ing devices. The authors present a brief description and the analysis of new CM constructions of drum, vibratory and centrifugal types developed in Kemerovo Technological Institute of Food Industry (University). They are designed to receive bulk compounds with different ratios of ingredients. For example, drum mixers allow the mixture to obtain a good quality with the ratio of its constituent components not exceeding 1:40, vibratory - 1:100, and centrifugal from 1:100 to 1:500 respectively. These units are characterized by high smoothing capacity (inertia), low specific metal and energy costs, high intensity of mixing process, due to the organization of guided movement of thin material flows in conjunction with timing and recirculating. These units are suitable as the basic components for continuous mixing both separately and in any combinations thereof. For this, it is required when producing mixtures, e.g., with a ratio of ingredients of 1:1000 to incorporate serially arranged continuous drum (mixing ratio 1:10) and vi-bratory (at a ratio of 1:100) mixers. The objective of the article is to acquaint the audience of scientists and engineers of food, chemical and allied industries with new constructions of drum, vibratory and centrifugal continuous mixers to produce bulk compounds with different ratios of ingredients.
OBJECTS OF STUDY
In the first stage, the construction of continuously operating drum mixers will be analyzed.
Сontinuous drum mixer manufactured by the Certificate of Authorship no. 1592024 [13] can be used for the production of bulk compositions in food, agricultural and other industries. This unit is the first in a series of drum mixers with Г - shaped blades inside a rotor. First, the design and operation of this machine will be considered.
A drum mixer (Fig. 1) consists of frame 1, mixing drum 2, in which central shaft 4 is fixed in the centering supports 3. Blades 5 are located on the shaft. The frame is equipped with loading pipe 6, drive 7 and me-chanism 8, allowing the drum angle to be changed. Blades 5 in the cross-section are Г-shaped. Mixing unit performance is as follows. Powdery components are put into the mixer by loading pipe 6. When drum 2 rotates, powdery components move down along Г-shaped blades, simultaneously along its two guides. In addition to the separation of bulk material into two unequal flows on each blade, there takes place its circulation along the length of the drum. The movement of material occurs in the axial direction towards the discharge because of the presence of long blade sides in the mixing area. At this point, there is some mixture internal circulation, making a good smoothing ability of input components pulsations possible.
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