The research objective is to develop the technique of assessing a human factor risk in the ‘staff - hoists - production environment’ system. The proposed method allows evaluating the degree of staff training and of the appropriate managerial solutions at the machine-building enterprises operating hoists. Three groups of hazards associated, respectively, with the false staff operation, the hoist state, and the production environment of the machine builder, are considered. An interpretation of the potential adverse event instance (misfortune, incident, accident) is presented. Based on the analysis of the accident investigation reports at the machine-building enterprises operating hoists and on the conducted questionnaire surveys, the specific dangerous actions of the staff and executive officers (managers and expert personnel) are identified and classified. As a result, the matrix is constructed to determine the probability of potential accidents, incidents or misfortunes depending on the frequency of the false staff actions. The study allows drawing the following conclusion. At the ma-chine-building enterprises of the 4th hazard class, it is considered expedient to apply the expert analysis method to assess the or-ganizational human error causes when running the plants with hoists. Under these conditions, the method of risk assessment appears quite simple and effective in terms of the engineering safety analysis.
machine-building enterprises, human factor risk assessment, hoists, personnel training
Введение. Машиностроительные предприятия относятся к 4-му классу опасности [1], т. к. предполагают установку и эксплуатацию подъемных механизмов. Для таких предприятий нормативно-правовыми документами в области охраны труда и промышленной безопасности предусмотрено проведение риск-анализа. При оценке риска, связанного с аварией (инцидентом) на предприятиях машиностроения, следует проанализировать различные сценарии, отражающие как наиболее типичные и вероятные, так и неблагоприятные (как правило, маловероятные) события.
Базой для оценки риска служит процедура идентификации, основанная на представленной информации о следующих факторах:
— класс опасности производственной среды;
— работа технических систем;
— документированная частота отказов подъемных механизмов и ошибок персонала;
— статистические данные о несчастных случаях и пр.
Результатом идентификации является четкое описание всех потенциальных опасностей, обусловленных работой подъемных механизмов, установленных на машиностроительном предприятии. Таким образом, речь идет о возможной реализации неблагоприятного события.
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