Relevance. Since January 1, 2014 the federal law of December 28, 2013 № 426-FZ «On the Special Assessment of Working Conditions» has come into force. If you plan to implement this law, you are given the right to guarantee compensation and demands to improve working conditions. Through the introduction of special assessment of working conditions the authorities should obtain objective information about labour conditions that will allow to take management decisions that encourage employers to improve working conditions and carry out control functions. Object. Categories of optimal, acceptable, harmful and hazardous work. Regulatory framework assessment and real working conditions in modern organizational and economic conditions of society. Subject Matter. Normative documents of traditional and modern special assessment conditions. Models of accounting and assessment categories of work on scales of admissibility, harm and danger. Socioeconomic guarantees and regulation of labour relations in the context of a specific assessment of working conditions. Purpose. Improving the adequacy and variable relevance in assessing working conditions, with the possibility of strengthening the socioeconomic and legal guarantees for workers in today’s society.
special assessment, harmful and dangerous working conditions, conditions of work, labour protection, factors, profession.
Исходные условия разработки закона о спецоценке условий труда
Минтруда России совместно с представителями профсоюзов и работодателей подготовил Закон о спецоценке. Профсоюзы настаивали на сохранении полномасштабной оценки абсолютно всех рабочих мест, а работодатели хотели, чтобы им разрешили просто декларировать безопасность рабочих мест [Новиков, 2013, 8, 38, 39].
До 2014 г. в России гарантии и компенсации работникам, занятым на рабочих местах с вредными и опасными условиями труда, предоставлялись на основании [Новиков, 2013, 17, с. 77–94] следующих документов:
- Список производств, цехов, профессий и должностей с вредными условиями труда, работа в которых дает право на дополнительный отпуск и сокращенный рабочий день [постановление Госкомтруда СССР и Президиума ВЦСПС от 25 октября 1974 г. № 298/П-22, 1], а также Типовое положение об оценке условий труда на рабочих местах и порядке применения отраслевых перечней работ, на которых могут устанавливаться доплаты рабочим за условия труда [постановление Госкомтруда СССР и ВЦСПС от 3 октября 1986 г. № 387/22-78, 2];
- Списки № 1 и 2 производств, работ, профессий, должностей и показателей, дающих право на льготное пенсионное обеспечение, утвержденные постановлением Кабинета Министров СССР от 26 января 1991 г. № 10 [Постановление Кабинета Министров СССР от 26 января 1991 г. № 10, 3] (Список № 1 производств, работ, профессий, должностей и показателей на подземных работах, работах с особо вредными и особо тяжелыми условиями труда, занятость в которых дает право на пенсию по возрасту (по старости) на льготных условиях; Список № 2 производств, профессий, должностей и показателей с вредными и тяжелыми условиями труда, занятость в которых дает право на пенсию по возрасту (по старости) на льготных условиях).
1. Decision Goskomtrud and the Presidium of the A ll from October 25, 1974 № 298/P-22 On approval of the list of industries, shops , trades and positions with harmful working conditions , work which gives the right to additional leave and shorter working hours.(in Russian)
2. Goskomtrud Decree of the USSR and the All from October 3, 1986 № 387/22-78 On approval of the Model provisions for the evaluation of working conditions in the workplace and the order of application of sectoral lists of jobs in which workers can be installed surcharges for working conditions. (in Russian)
3. Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers dated 26.01.1991 № 10 On Approval of the List of industries, jobs, professions, positions and performance, giving the right to preferential pensions. (in Russian)
4. Federal Law of December 28, 2013 № 426-FZ «On the special assessment of working conditions». (in Russian)
5. Federal Law of 15 December 2001 № 167-FZ «On Mandatory Pension I nsurance in the Russian Federation». Paragraph 2.1 of Article 33.2. (in Russian)
6. Federal Law of 28 December 2013 № 421-FZ «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the adoption of the Federal Law «On special pricing conditions of work»». Paragraph 3 of article 11. (in Russian)
7. Order of Russian Ministry of Labour number 33n of January 24, 2014 Order of the Russian Ministry of Labour number 33n of January 24, 2014 On Approval of the special assessment techniques of working conditions, the classifier harmful and (or) hazardous working environments, the report form for a special assessment of conditions Labour and instructions for its completion. (in Russian)
8. Novikov N.N. Walking along the rows. Comments and suggestions on the final draft of the concept of the Federal Law «On special assessment of working conditions». Occupational Health and Safety. 2013, I. 4, pp. 38, 39. (in Russian)
9. Sklemenov G.J., Southerner L. Multiplication sign? A new evaluation system conditions. Occupational Health and Safety. 2014, I. 1, pp. 53-56. (in Russian)
10. Fedorovich G.V. Identification of harmful and (or) hazardous factors in the special assessment of working conditions. BiОТ. 2014, I. 1, pр. 22-27. (in Russian)
11. Fainburg G.Z. Byword... Thinking about the draft federal law on special pricing conditions. Occupational Health and Safety. 2013, I. 2, pp. 17, 18. (in Russian)
12. Novikov N.N. About the special assessment of working conditions. Security and Labor Economics. 2013, I. 4 (13), pр. 4-7. (in Russian)
13. Novikov N.N. About bonuses and compensation for the heavy and harmful working conditions. S tandard of living regions of Russia. 05/2013 (183), pp. 77-94. (in Russian)
14. Abramov N. R. Special assessment of working conditions: what readiness? Occupational Health and Safety. 2013, I. 2, pp. 19-25. (in Russian)
15. Giancarlo Bianchi EUSAFE Project: Qualification of European OSH Professionals. Developing an International S tandard of Practice: Competencies for Occupational S afety and Health Professionals: Materials of the International conference. Мoscow, N АCОТ Publ., 2012, pp. 56-60. (in Russian)
16. Stolyarova A. V. Vashalomidze E. V. Optimization of the structure and content of the qualification requirements for professional knowledge and skills of civil servants. Uroven zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii [The standard of living of the population of regions of Russia]. 2013, I. 1 (179), pр. 121-129. (in Russian)
17. Novikov N.N. On additional payments and compensation for heavy and harmful working conditions. Uroven zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii [The standard of living of the population of regions of Russia]. 2013, I. 5, (183), pр. 77-94. (in Russian)
18. Novikov N.N. Certification of occupational safety specialists at the European level. Uroven zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii [The standard of living of the population of regions of Russia]. 2013, I. 6 (184), pр. 145-150. (in Russian)
19. Vahovskiy V.V. Mechanisms of state influence on the formation of competitive human resources. Uroven zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii [The standard of living of the population of regions of Russia]. 2013, I. 10 (188), pр. 80-86. (in Russian)
20. Bashmakov V.I. Social partnership in Russia. Uroven zhizni naseleniya regionov Rossii [The standard of living of the population of regions of Russia]. 2013, I. 10 (188), pр. 60-70. (in Russian)
