Moscow, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow, Russian Federation
GRNTI 76.33 Гигиена и эпидемиология
GRNTI 76.03 Медико-биологические дисциплины
OKSO 31.06.2001 Клиническая медицина
OKSO 31.08.08 Радиология
OKSO 32.08.12 Эпидемиология
OKSO 14.04.02 Ядерные физика и технологии
BBK 534 Общая диагностика
BBK 51 Социальная гигиена и организация здравоохранения. Гигиена. Эпидемиология
TBK 5712 Медицинская биология. Гистология
TBK 5734 Медицинская радиология и рентгенология
TBK 6212 Радиоактивные элементы и изотопы. Радиохимия
TBK 5708 Гигиена и санитария. Эпидемиология. Медицинская экология
The article describes the results of the activities of the department of radiation safety of the population of the A.I. Burnasyan FMBC of FMBA over the period from the foundation of the Center to the present. Results: The priority in the activity of the Institute of Biophysics, created in 1946, was the development of issues of radiation safety of the personnel and the public during the implementation of a nuclear project. The basic scientific direction «radiation safety of the population» was formed as an independent unit by 1955. Today, the department of radiation safety of the population of FMBC is a scientific, practical and methodological unit which deals with radiation and chemical safety including an assessment of health of the population living in the vicinity of Russian nuclear facilities. The main priorities of activity include: radiation-health physics monitoring and health physics regulation; monitoring the health of the population; expert activity in medical nuclear forensics. Scientific research in the field of protection and safety and improving the state health and epidemiological supervision covers the population living in the areas of enterprises under FMBA’s of Russia service, including nuclear shipbuilding facilities, nuclear and uranium legacy of Russia and Central Asia, nuclear power plants, cosmodromes, etc. Conclusion: In general, summarizing the 75-year activity in the field of the public radiation protection and safety, the following can be stated. Over the past years, a set of health physics works has been carried out at nuclear facilities, a methodology for radiation and health physics monitoring has been developed in conjunction with monitoring the public health, methods for determining man-made and natural radionuclides in food and environmental media have been developed and introduced into practice. The implementation of our new scientific developments and future prospects will be aimed at reducing the burden of medical problems associated with the operation of various radiation hazardous facilities and legacy management; raising the level and quality of life of the relevant contingents of the Russian population; as well as the creation of the necessary conditions for the successful development of nuclear energy in the Russian Federation.
population, radiation safety, health physics monitoring, health physics regulation, Chernobyl accident, protective measures
1. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po sanitarnomu kontrolyu za soderzhaniem radioaktivnyh veschestv v ob'ektah vneshney sredy. / Pod red. Mareya A.N. i Zykovoy A.S., M, 1974. 337 s.
2. Kraevskiy N.A. Ocherki patologicheskoy anatomii luchevoy bolezni. M.: Medgiz, 1957. 230 s.
3. Marey A.N., Barhudarov R.M. Novikova N.Ya. Global'nye vypadeniya ceziya-137 i chelovek. M.: Atomizdat, 1974. 168 s.
4. Marey A.N., Barhudarov R.M., Knizhnikov V.A. i dr. Global'nye vypadeniya produktov yadernyh vzryvov kak faktor oblucheniya cheloveka. / Pod red. Mareya A.N. M.: Atomizdat, 1980. 188 s.
5. Marey A.N., Zykova A.S., Saurov Yu.M. Radiacionnaya kommunal'naya gigiena. M.: Energoatomizdat. 1984. 176 s.
6. Fedorova M.V., Krasnopol'skiy V.I., Lyaginskaya A.M. Reproduktivnoe zdorov'e zhenschiny i potomstvo v regionah s radioaktivnym zagryazneniem (posledstviya avarii na ChAES) / Pod red. M.V. Fedorovoy. M.: Medicina, 1997. 393 s.
7. Shandala N.K., Korenkov I.P., Kotenko K.V., Novikova N.Ya. Global'nye i avariynye vypadeniya 137Cs i 90Sr. M.: Medicina. 2009. 208 s
8. Il'in L.A., Shandala N.K., Savkin M.N. i dr. Mesto i rol' radiacionno-gigienicheskogo monitoringa v sisteme social'no-gigienicheskogo monitoringa // Gigiena i sanitariya, 2004. № 5. S. 9-15.
9. MU 2.6.1.1868-04 Vnedrenie pokazateley radiacionnoy bezopasnosti o sostoyanii ob'ektov okruzhayuschey sredy, v t.ch. prodovol'stvennogo syr'ya i pischevyh produktov, v sistemu social'no-gigienicheskogo monitoringa.
10. MU 2.6.5.076-2015 Monitoring sostoyaniya okruzhayuschey sredy na etapah zhiznennogo cikla AES.
11. MU 2.6.5.032-2014 Ekspertnye i prognoznye ocenki sostoyaniya zdorov'ya naseleniya v rayonah razmescheniya atomnyh stanci».
12. Shandala N.K., Kiselev S.M., Titov A.V. Nauchno-prakticheskiy opyt nadzornoy deyatel'nosti v oblasti obespecheniya zaschity naseleniya i okruzhayuschey sredy na ob'ektah yadernogo naslediya Rossii // Radiacionnaya gigiena. 2019. T. 12. № 2 (specvypusk), S. 83-96.
13. Shandala N.K., Titov A.V., Metlyaev E.G. Problemy avariynogo normirovaniya soderzhaniya radionuklidov v pischevyh produktah: perehod ot vremenno dopustimyh urovney k normal'noy praktike // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2016. T. 61. № 3. S. 98-102.
14. Metlyaev E.G., Bogdanova L.S., Grachev M.I. i dr. Mezhdunarodnye i otechestvennye podhody k provedeniyu yodnoy profilaktiki pri avarii yadernogo reaktora. // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2020. T. 65, № 3. S. 66-72.
15. Volgodonskaya AES i zdorov'e naseleniya / Pod red. Il'ina L.A. i Murina M.B. M.: GNC-IBF. 2002. 62 s.
16. Shandala N.K., Korenkov I.P., Romanov V.V. Sostoyanie radiacionno-gigienicheskoy obstanovki v rayone razmescheniya AES // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost', 2015. T. 60. № 2. S. 15-21.
17. Kvacheva Yu. E., Glazunov A. G. Osobennosti organizacii i proizvodstva sudebno-medicinskoy ekspertizy trupov lic, pogibshih ot ostroy luchevoy bolezni // Sudebno-medicinskaya ekspertiza. 2012. Tom 55. № 2. S. 43-45.
18. Titov A.V., Shandala N.K., Isaev D.V. i dr. Ocenka radiacionnoy opasnosti prebyvaniya naseleniya i vedeniya hozyaystvennoy deyatel'nosti v rayone raspolozheniya vyrabotannogo uranovogo mestorozhdeniya // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2020. Tom 65. № 2. S. 11-16.
19. Isaev D.V., Shandala N.K., Starinskiy V.G. i dr. Ocenka radiacionnoy obstanovki v rayone raspolozheniya sudoremontnyh predpriyatiy Kamchatskogo kraya // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2019. Tom 64. № 5. S. 9-14.
20. Lyaginskaya A.M., Shandala N.K., Kiselev S.M. i dr. Sostoyanie zdorov'ya naseleniya v rayone raspolozheniya sudoremontnogo zavoda «Nerpa», osuschestvlyayuschego raboty po utilizacii ob'ekta yadernogo naslediya - plavuchey tehnicheskoy bazy «Lepse» // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2020. T. 65. № 3. S. 31-39.
21. Shandala N.K., Sneve M.K., Semenova M.P., Segen' K, Filonova A.A. O sotrudnichestve FGBU FMBC im. A.I. Burnazyana FMBA Rossii s Gosudarstvennym upravleniem Norvegii po radiacionnoy i yadernoy bezopasnosti (DSA) // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2020. T. 65. № 1. S. 72-78.
22. Petoyan I. M., Lyaginskaya A. M., Ermalickiy A. P. i dr. Sostoyanie reproduktivnogo zdorov'ya personala Kurskoy AES // Medicinskaya radiologiya i radiacionnaya bezopasnost'. 2019. T. 64. №1. S.21-25.
23. Grachev M.I., Il'in L.A., Kvacheva Yu. E. i dr. Medicinskie aspekty protivodeystviya radiologicheskomu i yadernomu terrorizmu / Pod obschey red. L.A. Il'ina. M.: FGBU GNC FMBC im. A.I. Burnazyana FMBA Rossii, 2018, ISBN 978-5-905926-57-0. 392 s.
24. Sudebnaya medicina: nacional'noe rukovodstvo / Pod red. Yu.I. Pigolkina. M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2018. ISBN 978-5-9704-4236-4. 576 s.
