Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
employee
Russian Federation
We consider poplar selection systems in connection with their reproduction systems. Poplar is a model object on which it is possible to test all known systems for the selection of woody plants. Positive selection and synthetic selection methods (hybridization, mutagenesis, polyploidy, genetic engineering, biotechnology) effectively “work” on poplar. Poplar is propagated by seed, vegetative and in vitro biotechnology. Amphimixis or seed propagation of poplar is used to create hybrid seed plantations, for example white poplar × aspen. In natural poplar populations, spontaneous hybridization occurs, leading to the emergence of new species. The ability to vegetatively propagate poplar successfully solves the problem of plus breeding: selected best biotypes are propagated by in vitro grafting, cuttings or regenerants, and plantation cultures are created. Synthetic breeding methods: hybridization is widely used on poplar; dozens of poplar hybrids for forest crops and landscaping have been obtained; Induced mutants and polyploids are obtained. Breeders get their first genetically modified forms using genetic engineering. By microcloning, economically valuable individuals are propagated and regenerants are used to create forest crops and landscaping.
systems of selection and reproduction of poplar, a model object of genetic selection research
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Методы селекции древесных растений напрямую связаны с системами их их размножения: зная способы размножения изучаемого вида можно планировать возможные методы селекции [8, 10, 11, 13]. В учебной литературе пока отсутствуют четкие теоретические представления о системах размножения древесных растений. Рассматриваются отдельные способы вегетативного и семенного размножения.
1. Bakulin, V.T. Triploidnyy klon osiny v lesah Novosibirskoy oblasti [Tekst] / V.T. Bakulin // Genetika. - 1966. - № 11. - S. 58 - 68.
2. Bakulin, V.T. Topol' chernyy v Zapadnoy Sibiri [Tekst] / V.T. Bakulin. - Novosibirsk: Akademicheskoe izd-vo «Geo», 2007. - 121 s.
3. Besschetnov, P.P. Topol' (kul'tura i selekciya) [Tekst] / P.P. Besschetnov. - Alma-Ata: Kaynar, 1969. - 156 s.
4. Butova, G.P. Klonal'noe mikrorazmnozhenie lesnyh drevesnyh rasteniy: Ekspress-informaciya Gos. kom. SSSR po lesnomu hoz-vu / CBNTI «Lesovodstvo, lesovedenie, lesnye pol'zovaniya». - M., 1987. - S. 2 - 18.
5. Veresin, M.M. Spravochnik po lesnomu selekcionnomu semenovodstvu [Tekst] / M.M. Veresin, Yu.P. Efimov, Yu.F. Aref'ev - M.: Agropromizdat, 1985. - 245 s.
6. Efimov, Yu.P. Genetiko-selekcionnye osnovy lesnogo semenovodstva [Elektronnyy resurs] / Yu.P. Efimov // H yubileynyy mezhdunarodnyy lesnoy forum. Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya «Rol' lesa v stabilizacii klimata: Issledovaniya - Innovacii - Investicii - Kadrovyy potencial», 3 - 7 okt. 2008 g. - S-Pb: V. K Lenekspo. - 16 s.
7. Koncepciya Federal'noy celevoy programmy «Razvitie lesnogo semenovodstva na period 2009 - 2020 godov»: proekt // Lesnaya Rossiya. Lesnoe semenovodstvo, 2008. - № 9. - S. 9 - 15.
8. Isakov, I.Yu. Vliyanie sposoba opyleniya na selekcionnye osobennosti semennogo potomstva Betula pendula Roth. i B. Pubescens Thrh.: avtoref. dis. …kand. s.-h. nauk. - Voronezh, 2001. - 19 s.
9. Kupriyanov, N.G. Diagnostika sistem semennogo razmnozheniya v populyaciyah cvetkovyh rasteniy. - Saratov: Izd-vo Saratovskogo un-ta, 1989. - 160 s.
10. Sivolapov, A.I. Topol' sereyuschiy: genetika, selekciya, razmnozhenie: monografiya. - Voronezh: VGU, 2005. - 157 s.
11. Sivolapov, A.I. Selekciya i semenovodstvo drevesnyh rasteniy: uchebnoe posobie. - Voronezh: VGLTA, 2011. - 204 s.
12. Sivolapov, V. Plantacionnoe lesovyraschivanie berezy, ol'hi i topolya s ispol'zovaniem biotehnologii in vitro / V. Sivolapov, A. Sivolapov, T. Blagodarova. Saarbrücken, Deutschland: LAP LAMVERT Academic Publishing, 2014. - 120 c. Elektronnaya kniga. http://dnb.d-nb.de
13. Carev, A.P. Selekciya lesnyh i dekorativnyh drevesnyh rasteniy [Tekst]: uchebnik / A.P. Carev, S.P. Pogiba, N.V. Laur / pod red. A.P. Careva. - M.: MGUL, 2014. - 552 s.
14. Shestibratov K.A. Perspektivy ispol'zovaniya tehnologiy klonal'nogo mikrorazmnozheniya v lesnom hozyaystve dlya massovogo proizvodstva posadochnogo materiala cennyh genotipov drevesnyh rasteniy [Elektronnaya versiya] / K.A. Shestibratov, A.I. Miroshnikov // H Yubileynyy mezhdunarodnyy lesnoy forum. Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya «Rol' lesa v stabilizacii klimata: Issledovaniya - Innovacii - Investicii - Kadrovyy potencial», 3 - 7 okt. 2008 g. - S-Pb, V K Lenekspo. - 5 s.
15. Schepot'ev, F.L. Razvedenie bystrorastuschih drevesnyh porod [Tekst] / L.F. Schepot'ev, F.A. Pavlenko. - M.: Lesnaya prom-st', 1975. - 232 s.
16. Stettler, R.F. Biology of Populus and its implication for management and conservation [Tekst] / R.F. Stettler, H.D. Bradshaw, Jr., P.E. Heiman and T.M. Hincley. - NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1996. - 539 p.
