Comprehensive examination (neurophysiological, morphological) of the patients with multiple sclerosis with unilateral and bilateral optic neuritis phenomenon was carried out. The study included two non-invasive research methods: the optical coherent tomography and the induced visual potentials turned on a checkerboard pattern. The study found thinning nerve fiber layer of the retina (73,8±3.4 microns on the affected side and 93,7±7,1 micron on the contralateral side unilaterally to defeat and 70.4±of 5.6 microns in bilateral defeat) and significant increase in the latency of potential P100 (124±10,8 ms) and the decrease in amplitude inter-peak interval N75-P100 (3,1±1,7 mV) when assessing induced visual potentials. The study results indicate simultaneous presence of inflammatory-demyelinating and degenerative processes in the visual pathways, as on the affected side, and on the contralateral side, which indicates the active during the pathological process, even in the absence of clinical manifestations of the disease in the form of eye disorders. It is proposed to use these methods for the early diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, detection of subclinical of the centers of demyelination and degeneration, determine the effectiveness of therapy.
multiple sclerosis, optical coherent tomography, induced visual potentials, demyelination, axonal degeneration.
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