The paper discusses one of the important problems the ability to diagnose melanoma skin by means of expert systems. The actuality of the research confirms the fact that for the last time, there has been a widespread increase in the incidence of melanoma, which refers to a tumor of external location. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis is about 37%. Skill to diagnose melanoma skin doctors trained with time lost. On the initiative of N. Cascinelli, President of Melanoma Program who, in many countries since 1987, conducting research on diagnosis of skin melanoma by means of the IT technologies. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities of assessment ability to diagnose melanoma skin by means of expert system with digital dermatoscopy. To solve this problem, the authors used the following materials and methods of primary accounting documentation for 2006, the Dermatoscope Heine Delta 20 and RDS-1. The obtained results indicate a significantly higher sensitivity in the diagnosis of skin melanoma in a specialized medical institution and more accurate diagnosis of PCAD than routine inspection. At the same time, the accuracy of diagnosis of PCAD is comparable with the accuracy of diagnosis algorithm Kittler. Conclusions are made about the use of the investigated expert system as a «second opinion» with the correct diagnosis.
melanoma skin clinical diagnosis of melanoma, error diagnosis of skin melanoma, visual diagnosis of melanoma, an expert system PCAD, RDS
Актуальность исследования. Необходимость ранней диагностики злокачественной меланомы кожи (МК) связана с тем, что среди всех опухолей кожи она занимает особое положение, так как занимая в структуре всех форм рака кожи не более 10%, ответственна за 80% летальных исходов, приходящихся на эту группу опухолей [1]. Довольно часто МК диагностируют на поздних стадиях развития, несмотря на то, что она имеет наружную локализацию. Ее ранняя диагностика (I уровень инвазии по Кларку) и своевременно начатое лечение дают 100% выживаемость [2].
Точность визуальной диагностики МК напрямую зависит от специализации врача, от частоты встречаемости данного заболевания в его повседневной практике [3, 4]. У врачей общей практики и хирургов отсутствуют специальные знания по данной патологии, пациенты с пигментными опухолями кожи встречаются гораздо реже, чем у онкологов, и, следовательно, точность диагностики МК у них существенно ниже. По
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