The cluster approach in the tourism industry in transition economies is very relevant and is associated with a number of features in the industry. The article reveals the concept and features of a regional tourism cluster, traces the genesis of this concept, examines the objective conditions for the emergence of a cluster and its elements and structure. The author distinguishes stages of cluster formation and analyzes the factors and possible ways of development. The author substantiates the necessity for use of the cluster approach in tourism and the formation of regional tourism clusters performing the socio-economic, natural and ecological, recreational and economic functions in the entities’ territories of the Russian Federation. An emerging regional tourism and recreation cluster of Belgorod region is considered as the object of the study. Taking into account the assessment of the tourism potential, the level of infrastructure development, transport, environment, territorial structure of the region, the author conducted zoning of Belgorod region and identified seven tourism and recreation areas, outlined the prospects of their development. This study has allowed to determine in the region potential inter-regional clusters emerging, developing and having possibilities to be created. Military and historical, rural, event tourism are recognized as the promising development directions of regional tourism cluster. According to the author’s opinion, the creation of the cluster system will significantly improve the efficiency of the regional tourism market and strengthen its competitive position in the Russian market of the tourism industry.
tourism cluster, the cluster approach, region, development, management
1. Aleksandrova A.Yu. Turistskie klastery: soderzhanie, granitsy, mekhanizm funktsionirovaniya. Sovremennye problemy servisa i turizma. 2007. № 1. S. 51-61. DOI: 10.12737/ issn. 1995-0411.
2. Grinimeer A.S., Komarova M.E. Razvitie turizma v Belgorodskoy oblasti na osnove klasternogo podkhoda: sb. materialov po itogam nauch. sessii NIU «BelGU» / pod red. O.K. Slinkovoy. Belgorod: ID «Belgorod» NIU «BelGU», 2015. S. 24-26.
3. Kovalev Yu.P. Osobennosti sozdaniya kontseptsii formirovaniya lokal´nykh turistskikh klasterov. Turizm i regional´noe razvitie: sb. nauch. statey. Smolensk, 2014. Vyp. 7. S. 55.
4. Komarova M.E. Kompleksnaya geoekologicheskaya otsenka turistsko-rekreatsionnogo potentsiala staroosvoennogo regiona (na primere Belgorodskoy oblasti): avtoref. dis. … kand. geogr. nauk: 25.00.36. Belgorod, 2009. 24 s.
5. Komarova M.E. Metodologicheskie podkhody k razrabotke strategii razvitiya turistskogo rynka Belgorodskoy oblasti. Nauchnyy rezul´tat. Tekhnologii biznesa i servisa. 2014. № 1 (1). S.15-25. URL:http://www.belsu-research-result.ru/ (data obrashcheniya: 24.03.2016).
6. Kropinova E.G., Mitrofanova A.V. Regional´no-geograficheskiy podkhod k ponyatiyu «turistsko-rekreatsionnyy klaster». Vestnik Baltiyskogo federal´nogo universiteta im. I. Kanta. 2009. № 1. S. 70-71.
7. Geografiya turizma / V.I. Kruzhalin, N.S. Mironenko i dr. M.: Federal´noe agentstvo po turizmu, 2014. 336 s.
8. Pelevina N.A. Klasternyy podkhod k obespecheniyu razvitiya turistsko-rekreatsionnoy sfery regiona. Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A.I. Gertsena. 2008. Vyp. №86. S. 341.
9. Porter M. Konkurentsiya / per. s angl. M.: ID «Vil´yams», 2005. 256 s.
10. Pol´shina A.A. Formirovanie turistskogo klastera kak instrument povysheniya konkurentosposobnosti sotsial´no-ekonomicheskogo razvitiya regiona (na primere Belgorodskoy oblasti). Vestnik ekonomicheskoy integratsii. 2014. № 4 (73). S. 39-46.
11. Ulez´ko A.V., Komarova M.E. Turistskiy klaster kak faktor sozdaniya konkurentnykh preimushchestv regionov na rynke turistskikh uslug: sb. materialov po itogam nauch. sessii NIU «BelGU» / pod red O.K. Slinkovoy. Belgorod: ID «Belgorod», NIU «BelGU», 2015. S. 114-116.
12. Fatneva E.A. Turistskie klastery Belgorodskoy oblasti kak forma prostranstvennoy organizatsii turizma. Instrumenty sovremennoy nauchnoy deyatel´nosti: sb. statey Mezhdunarodnoy nauch.-prakt. konf. Samara: Nauch.-izdat. tsentr «Aeterna», 2015. S. 224-228.
13. Doeringer B., Tekla D. Business Strategy and Cross-Industry Clusters. Economic Development Quarterly/1995. Vol.9 №3. P. 225-237.
