Russian Federation
Today, the problem of financing the budget deficit is acute and urgent. In the context of the dynamic transformation of finance, the theoretical understanding of changes in the field of alternative ways of financing the budget very accurately reflects the need for effective functioning of budgetary institutions. The latter is necessary to achieve the goals of public law entities, since the financial and material base is one of the foundations of their activities. At the same time, there has been no previous attempt to understand crowdfunding and its subspecies as a way to attract temporarily free funds from individuals and legal entities by public entities. This work can serve as a basis for further research, which, in turn, may affect the practical application of a number of legal norms governing budgetary public relations, possibly serving as the basis for relevant novelties in Russian legislation.
crowdfunding, government securities market, alternative sources of budget deficit financing
1. Byudzhetnyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federacii ot 31.07.1998 № 145-FZ (red. ot 21.04.2025) // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF. 1998. № 31. St. 3823; 2025. № 17. St. 2113.
2. Glava Krasnodara opredelil prioritetnye dorogi dlya stroitel'stva i remonta za schet municipal'nyh obligaciy [Elektronnyy resurs] // Oficial'nyy Internet-portal administracii municipal'nogo obrazovaniya gorod Krasnodar i gorodskoy Dumy Krasnodara. URL: https://krd.ru/novosti/glavnye-novosti/news_28122020_141502/ (data obrascheniya: 02.05.2025).
3. Golovachev D.L. Gosudarstvennyy dolg: teoriya, rossiyskaya i mirovaya praktika / D.L. Golovachev; red. M.A. Sazhina. M.: CheRo, 1998. 176 s.
4. Metodicheskie rekomendacii po podgotovke i realizacii praktik iniciativnogo byudzhetirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federacii (v red. ot 05.12.2023) [Elektronnyy resurs] // Oficial'nyy sayt Ministerstva finansov Rossiyskoy Federacii. URL: https://minfin.gov.ru/ru/perfomance/budget/policy/proactive_bud?id_65=305101- (data obrascheniya: 02.05.2025).
5. Na dohody ot razmescheniya zelenyh obligaciy Moskva zakupila 451 elektrobus [Elektronnyy resurs] // Interfaks. URL: https://www.interfax.ru/moscow/956527 (data obrascheniya: 30.04.2025).
6. Osnovnye napravleniya razvitiya finansovogo rynka Rossiyskoy Federacii na 2023 god i period 2024 i 2025 godov odobreny Sovetom direktorov Banka Rossii [Elektronnyy resurs] // Central'nyy bank Rossiyskoy Federacii. URL: https://cbr.ru/Content/Document/File/143773/onfr_2023-2025.pdf (data obrascheniya: 27.04.2025).
7. Ostrovskaya N.B., Shamionov A.R. Transformaciya istochnikov finansirovaniya proektov sub'ektov malogo i srednego predprinimatel'stva v usloviyah cifrovizacii ekonomiki // Yurist. 2022. № 6. S. 17-21.
8. Postanovlenie administracii municipal'nogo obrazovaniya gorod Krasnodar Krasnodarskogo kraya ot 18.12.2020 № 5547 «Ob utverzhdenii resheniya ob emissii vypuska municipal'nyh cennyh bumag v vide obligaciy municipal'nogo obrazovaniya gorod Krasnodar 2020 goda s fiksirovannym kuponnym dohodom i amortizaciey dolga» // Krasnodarskie izvestiya. 2020. № 146.
9. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva Moskvy ot 27.04.2021 № 513-PP «Ob utverzhdenii Resheniya ob emissii sem'desyat chetvertogo vypuska obligaciy Gorodskogo obligacionnogo (vnutrennego) zayma Moskvy» // Vestnik Mera i Pravitel'stva Moskvy. 2021. № 26.
10. Postanovlenie Pravitel'stva RF ot 15.04.2014 № 316 (red. ot 17.12.2024) «Ob utverzhdenii gosudarstvennoy programmy Rossiyskoy Federacii «Ekonomicheskoe razvitie i innovacionnaya ekonomika» (s izm. i dop., vstup. v silu s 01.01.2025) // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF. 2014. № 18 (Chast' II). St. 2162; 2024. № 52. St. 8345.
11. Prodazha zelenyh obligaciy pozvolila zakupit' dlya Moskvy 51 elektrobus – Sobyanin [Elektronnyy resurs] // Oficial'nyy portal Mera i Pravitel'stva Moskvy. URL: https://www.mos.ru/mayor/themes/10676050/ (data obrascheniya: 30.04.2025).
12. Razvitie al'ternativnyh mehanizmov investirovaniya: pryamye investicii i kraudfanding [Elektronnyy resurs] // Central'nyy bank Rossiyskoy Federacii. URL: https://cbr.ru/Content/Document/File/112055/Consultation_Paper_200811.pdf (data obrascheniya: 27.04.2025).
13. Federal'nyy zakon ot 02.08.2019 № 259-FZ (red. ot 08.08.2024) «O privlechenii investiciy s ispol'zovaniem investicionnyh platform i o vnesenii izmeneniy v otdel'nye zakonodatel'nye akty Rossiyskoy Federacii» // Sobranie zakonodatel'stva RF. 2019. № 31. St. 4418; 2024. № 33 (Chast' I). St. 4959.
