MODELING THE ELECTRON TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION IN F2 REGION OF HIGH-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE FOR WINTER SOLSTICE CONDITIONS
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Abstract (English):
Using the three-dimensional model of the high-latitude ionosphere in Euler variables, which takes into account the mismatch between geographical and geomagnetic poles, we study the behavior of the electron temperature Te in the F2 region as a function of universal time. We present results of the numerical modeling of spatial-temporal distribution of electron temperature in the F2 region for winter solstice, minimum solar activity, and moderate geomagnetic activity. The electron temperature distribution in the F2 region of the high-latitude ionosphere in winter is shown to be characterized by a Te increase in dawn and dusk sectors. Further, the mismatch between the poles leads to regular longitudinal features in Te distribution during Earth’s daily rotation. Thus, at 05 UT, when the Eastern Hemisphere is illuminated, the elevated Te zone is formed only in the dawn sector, and at 17 UT, when the Western Hemisphere is illuminated, such zones are observed in both the sectors. We discuss reasons for the formation of the regions with elevated electron temperature depending on the universal time. The results of numerical experiments are compared with similar results obtained with other models.

Keywords:
high-latitude ionosphere, F2 region, three-dimensional model, rate of heating and cooling of electrons and ions, electron and ion temperatures, elevated electron temperature regions, longitudinal features
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ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Математическое моделирование высокоширотной ионосферы предполагает численное решение системы уравнений гидродинамики с учетом несовпадения географического и геомагнитного полюсов.
Это обусловлено тем, что крупномасштабная структура высокоширотной ионосферы контролируется мировым временем (UT-контроль). Причем эффект несовпадения полюсов должен влиять и на тепловой режим высокоширотной ионосферы. Поэтому в расчетах пространственно-временного распределения температуры заряженных частиц возникает необходимость учета UT-контроля. Численному моделированию теплового режима высокоширотной ионосферы на основе подхода Лагранжа посвящен ряд работ [Schunk et al., 1986; Клименко et al., 1991; Mingalev et al., 2002], где изучены, в частности, причины формирования «горячих пятен» (Te≥5000 K) [Koffman, 1984].

В настоящей работе проведено изучение эффекта несовпадения полюсов в распределении электронной температуры в области F2 высокоширотной ионосферы в зимний период на основе подхода Эйлера. Исследование проведено с помощью трехмерной модели высокоширотной ионосферы в эйлеровых переменных, учитывающей ее тепловой режим. Учтено несовпадение географического и геомагнитного полюсов, которое обусловливает долготный эффект в распределении электронной концентрации [Колесник и др., 1983]. Представлены результаты расчетов пространственно-временного распределения электронной температуры на уровне области F2 для 05 и 17 UT, когда восточное и западное полушария оказываются на освещенной стороне. Расчеты выполнены для условий зимнего солнцестояния, минимума солнечной активности и для умеренной геомагнитной активности.

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