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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Клиническая медицина и фармакология</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">2409-3750</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">99862</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2409-3750-2025-11-1-14-19</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Обзоры</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>reviews</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Обзоры</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS: THE CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM (literature review)</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>НЕЙРОЭНДОКРИННЫЕ ОПУХОЛИ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ  (обзор литературы)</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мамедов</surname>
       <given-names>Б. Б.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mamedov</surname>
       <given-names>B. B.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Тульский областной клинический онкологический диспансер</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Тульский областной клинический онкологический диспансер</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17T08:42:38+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-17T08:42:38+03:00">
    <day>17</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>11</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>14</fpage>
   <lpage>19</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-16T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>16</day>
     <month>06</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/99862/view">https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/99862/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Нейроэндокринные опухоли (neuroendocrine tumors – NET) относятся к числу относительно редких новообразований и представляют собой гетерогенную группу злокачественных новообразований с разнообразной морфологией. Описаны случаи NET в различных органах: центральной нервной системе, дыхательных путях, гортани, желудочно-кишечном тракте, щитовидной железе, коже, молочной железе и мочеполовой системе. &#13;
По мнению различных авторов, NET составляют около 0,5% всех вновь диагностированных злокачественных новообразований. &#13;
В клинической практике отмечается увеличение частоты выявляемости NET, существенные трудности раннего их распознавания и лечения.&#13;
Для диагностики NET используют компьютерную томографию, эндоскопическое исследование, сцинтиграфию, позитронно-эмиссионную томографию, исследование биохимических маркеров. &#13;
Информативно выявление карциноидного синдрома, сопровождающего NET. Наличие карциноидного синдрома, возникающего в результате гиперсекреции аминов и пептидов, часто облегчает диагностику NET. &#13;
Основным методом лечения локализованных форм NET остается хирургический.&#13;
В качестве стандартов лекарственного лечения NET применяются аналоги соматостатина, интерферон альфа, таргетные препараты и химиотерапия.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are among the relatively rare neoplasms and represent a heterogeneous group of malignant neoplasms with diverse morphology. Cases of NET in various organs have been described: the central nervous system, respiratory tract, larynx, gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland, skin, mammary gland, and genitourinary system. &#13;
According to various authors, NET accounts for about 0.5% of all newly diagnosed malignancies. &#13;
In clinical practice, there is an increase in the frequency of NET detection, significant difficulties in their early recognition and treatment. &#13;
CT scans, endoscopic examination, scintigraphy, positron emission tomography, and the study of biochemical markers are used to diagnose NET.&#13;
The identification of the carcinoid syndrome accompanying NET is informative. The presence of carcinoid syndrome resulting from hypersecretion of amines and peptides often facilitates the diagnosis of NET. &#13;
Surgical treatment remains the main method of treating localized forms of NET.&#13;
Somatostatin analogues, interferon alpha, targeted drugs, and chemotherapy are used as standards for the drug treatment of NET.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>нейроэндокринная опухоль</kwd>
    <kwd>классификация</kwd>
    <kwd>диагностика</kwd>
    <kwd>лечение.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>neuroendocrine tumor</kwd>
    <kwd>classification</kwd>
    <kwd>diagnosis</kwd>
    <kwd>treatment.</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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