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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Journal of Political Research</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Political Research</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Журнал политических исследований</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2587-6295</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6a9c167e32807fdbab8761e2</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2587-6295-2026-10-2-219-239</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Политические институты, процессы и технологии</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Political institutions, processes and technologies</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Политические институты, процессы и технологии</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">The subjective reality of the voter as the basis of political communication: rhetoric and microtargeting</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Субъективная реальность избирателя как основа политической коммуникации: риторика и микротаргетинг</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Серавин</surname>
       <given-names>А. И.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Seravin</surname>
       <given-names>A. I.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>electoral.politic@gmail.com</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат политических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of political sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution>
     <city xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербург</city>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg State University</institution>
     <city xml:lang="en">St. Petersburg</city>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-06-30T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>06</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>10</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>219</fpage>
   <lpage>239</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-04-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-05-24T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>24</day>
     <month>05</month>
     <year>2026</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <permissions>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 Серавин А.И.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Seravin A.I.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Серавин А. И.</copyright-holder>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seravin A. I.</copyright-holder>
   </permissions>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a9c167e32807fdbab8761e2/view">https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a9c167e32807fdbab8761e2/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель статьи состоит в выявлении эпистемических и психологических механизмов трансформации глубинных политических убеждений избирателей в условиях цифровизации политической коммуникации. Исследование опирается на междисциплинарный подход, интегрирующий концепции политической философии, риторической теории, методах эпистемологии и политической психологии. Особое внимание уделяется типологии политических высказываний (факты, прогнозы, контрфакты, ценности, мнения, надежды) и их роли в убеждении. Методологическую основу составляет экспертный опрос членов Российской ассоциации электоральной цифровой политики с использованием шкалы Лайкерта для количественной оценки ключевых тезисов. Результаты подтверждают консенсус экспертов относительно решающей роли субъективного восприятия реальности избирателем (M=4,73; σ=0,46) и фундаментального влияния технологий искусственного интеллекта на природу политического дискурса (M=4,73; σ=0,46). Выявлено признание ограниченности фактчекинга и доминирования ценностных высказываний над фактологическими. Наибольшую поляризацию мнений вызывают возможности цифровизации в реконструкции «картины мира» избирателей и применимость микротаргетинга в российских условиях. Делается вывод, что интеграция эпистемологического, риторического и психометрического подходов является перспективным инструментом персонализированной политической коммуникации. Теоретическая значимость исследования заключается в развитии междисциплинарного подхода (эпистемологии, риторической теории и политической психологии). Автором предложена типология политических нарративов, дифференцирующая их по эпистемическому статусу (факты, прогнозы, ценности, контрфакты), что углубляет понимание природы политического дискурса, механизмов убеждения избирателей. Практическая значимость проведенного исследования подтверждается результатами экспертного опроса, так предложенная интеграция риторических моделей и психометрических методов (микротаргетинг) открывает возможности для построения эффективных персонализированных стратегий политической коммуникации. Понимание субъективной картины мира избирателя позволяет в ходе политической кампании не только точнее доносить свою программу, но и оптимизировать ресурсы, фокусируясь на тех сегментах аудитории, где убеждение наиболее вероятно. Выводы о влиянии ИИ и дипфейков (консенсус экспертов M=4,73) задают вектор для разработки новых методов верификации информации в условиях нарастающей технологической трансформации.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The aim of this article is to identify the epistemic and psychological mechanisms underlying the transformation of voters' deepest political convictions in the context of digitalized political communication. The study draws on an interdisciplinary approach integrating concepts from political philosophy, rhetorical theory, epistemological methods, and political psychology. Particular attention is paid to the typology of political statements (facts, forecasts, counterfacts, values, opinions, and hopes) and their role in persuasion. The methodological basis is an expert survey of members of the Russian Association for Electoral Digital Politics, using a Likert scale to quantify key points. The results confirm the expert consensus regarding the decisive role of voters' subjective perceptions of reality (M=4.73; σ =0.46) and the fundamental influence of artificial intelligence technologies on the nature of political discourse (M=4.73; σ =0.46). The limitations of fact-checking and the dominance of value-based statements over fact-based ones are recognized. The greatest polarization of opinions is caused by the potential of digitalization in reconstructing voters' &quot;worldviews&quot; and the applicability of microtargeting in the Russian context. It is concluded that the integration of epistemological, rhetorical, and psychometric approaches is a promising tool for personalized political communication. The theoretical significance of this study lies in its development of an interdisciplinary approach (epistemology, rhetorical theory, and political psychology). The author proposes a typology of political narratives, differentiating them by their epistemic status (facts, forecasts, values, counterfactual), which deepens our understanding of the nature of political discourse and the mechanisms of voter persuasion. The practical significance of this study is confirmed by the results of an expert survey, as the proposed integration of rhetorical models and psychometric methods (microtargeting) opens up opportunities for developing effective personalized political communication strategies. Understanding the subjective worldview of voters allows for more accurate communication of a political campaign's program and also optimizes resources by focusing on audience segments where persuasion is most likely. Conclusions regarding the impact of AI and deepfakes (expert consensus M=4.73) provide a vector for developing new methods for verifying information in the context of increasing technological transformation.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>политическое убеждение</kwd>
    <kwd>дискурс</kwd>
    <kwd>ценности</kwd>
    <kwd>микротаргетинг</kwd>
    <kwd>субъективное восприятие</kwd>
    <kwd>риторика</kwd>
    <kwd>цифровизация</kwd>
    <kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>political persuasion</kwd>
    <kwd>discourse</kwd>
    <kwd>values</kwd>
    <kwd>microtargeting</kwd>
    <kwd>subjective perception</kwd>
    <kwd>rhetoric</kwd>
    <kwd>digitalization</kwd>
    <kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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