The article provides a comparative analysis by the method of actual reconstruction of some theses of the Russian philosopher N.Ya. Danilevsky formulated in the book "Russia and Europe" with the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the comparison is to find common ideas, the foundations of the project of the civilizational future of Russia. We need to solve the following tasks. Firstly, to describe what the alignment of forces is seen on the geopolitical map of the world from the 19th and 21st centuries. Secondly, to determine in the sources how the key goals of social development coincide, which is the main reference point for society. Thirdly, a comparison of the reasons for the hostile attitude of the “collective West” towards Russia. Fourth, the identification of Russia's main geopolitical adversaries and their methods of action. Fifth, a comparison of the understanding of the authors of different eras of the traditional mass values of Russians, which can become the basis of a sustainable social consensus and a driver of development. Sixth, in response to current geopolitical challenges, to determine models for the future existence of Russia and Ukraine. The study of texts by a comparative method confirms their similarity, traditional Slavic values and position on Ukraine coincide significantly. As a result of the analysis, the hypothesis is partially confirmed, since the identity of the description of the geopolitical situation and proposals does not prove the identity of the challenges facing Russia. Possibly a 19th century text and documents of the 21st century influenced by a historical geopolitical contradiction, reproducing a permanent conflict between two dissimilar cultural (civilizational) types. It would be promising to compare the image of Russia in the eyes of European contemporaries N. Danilevsky and V. Putin.