Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Солнечно-земная физика 2712-9640 41080 10.12737/szf-71202105 Результаты исследований Results of current research Результаты исследований Dynamics of the field-aligned currents distribution asymmetry during substorms in the equinox season Динамика асимметрии распределения продольных токов во время суббурь в сезон равноденствия Мишин Владимир Виленович Mishin Vladimir Vilenovich vladm@iszf.irk.ru

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Мишин Вилен Моисеевич Mishin Vilen Moiseevich

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Курикалова Марина Александровна Kurikalova Marina Aleksandrovna kurikalova@iszf.irk.ru Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation 7 1 40 50 20 11 2020 12 02 2021 https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/41080/view

На основе техники инверсии магнитограмм по данным мировой сети магнитометров исследуется динамика распределения продольных токов в ионосфере Северного полушария. Исследование проведено в период равноденствия в ходе двух суббурь во время длительного интервала с неизменной по знаку и величине азимутальной компонентой межпланетного магнитного поля. Обнаружено изменение знака асимметрии утро–вечер в распределении интенсивности продольных токов при переходе от одной суббури к другой. Причину этого изменения мы связываем с суточным вращением оси геомагнитного диполя, перемещением терминатора относительно центра полярной шапки, вызвавшим существенное изменение освещенности полярной ионосферы и ее проводимости. Кроме того, впервые обнаружена быстрая (в течение нескольких минут) смена знака асимметрии во время взрывной фазы первой суббури при нахождении терминатора вблизи центра полярной шапки и при равной освещенности полярной ионосферы в обоих полушариях. Мы предполагаем, что такая быстрая динамика асимметрии продольных токов при неизменной азимутальной компоненте ММП в период равноденствия могла быть следствием неустойчивости симметрии освещенности и проводимости ионосфер двух полушарий из-за суточного вращения Земли и сильной межполушарной асимметрии геомагнитного поля, что могло вызвать протекание межполушарного продольного тока.

We continue to study the physical processes occurring during the August 17, 2001 magnetospheric storm by analyzing the dynamics of the intensity of field-aligned currents (FACs) in Iijima—Potemra Region 1 in the polar ionospheres of two hemispheres, using the modernized magnetogram inversion technique. The results obtained on the dynamics of the FAC asymmetry of two types (dawn–dusk and interhemispheric), as well as the previously obtained regularities in the behavior of Hall currents and polar cap boundaries depending on the large azimuthal component of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), observed during the storm, and the seasonal behavior of the conductivity are consistent with the open magnetosphere model and with satellite observations of auroras in two hemispheres. We have shown that the weakening of the asymmetry of two types in the FAC distribution during substorms in the storm under study occurs almost completely in the winter hemisphere and is much weaker in the summer one. We associate this phenomenon with the predominance of the effect of long-term exposure to the azimuthal IMF component in the sunlit polar ionosphere of the summer hemisphere over the substorm symmetrization effect of the night magnetosphere. A symmetrization effect of the polar cap and FACs, created by the solar wind pressure pulse at the end of the storm, is observed. We propose a qualitative explanation of this effect.

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