Solar-Terrestrial Physics Solar-Terrestrial Physics Солнечно-земная физика 2712-9640 122600 10.12737/szf-122202611 uydyta Результаты исследований Results of current research Результаты исследований Radio telescope for monitoring the state of interplanetary plasma Радиотелескоп для мониторинга состояния межпланетной плазмы Орешко Василий Васильевич Oreshko Vasiliy Vasilyevich oreshko@prao.ru

кандидат технических наук;

candidate of technical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0042-0884 Тюльбашев Сергей Анатольевич Tyul'bashev Sergey Anatol'evich serg@prao.ru

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН, Астрокосмический центр, Пущинская радиоастрономическая обсерватория Пущино Россия Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Astro Space Center, Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory Pushchino Russian Federation Физический институт им. П.Н. Лебедева РАН, Астрокосмический центр, Пущинская радиоастрономическая обсерватория Пущино Россия Lebedev Physical Institute RAS, Astro Space Center, Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory Pushchino Russian Federation 12 2 105 118 17 11 2025 18 02 2026 https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/122600/view

Рассмотрены научные и технические требования к специализированному радиотелескопу, позволяющему осуществлять краткосрочный прогноз космической погоды по наблюдениям мерцающих на движущихся неоднородностях межпланетной плазмы радиоисточников. Показано, что, помимо прогнозирования, на радиотелескопе можно решать другие научные задачи. Предложен вариант технической реализации антенны, рассмотрена структура радиотелескопа. Радиотелескоп является разнесенной антенной решеткой, состоящей из модулей, в каждом из которых 16 (4×4) базовых антенных элементов, представляющих собой два ортогональных диполя. Эффективная площадь модуля составляет 16 м2 на центральной частоте 180 МГц, общая полоса рабочих частот 120–240 МГц. Поле зрения модуля в диапазоне углов ±50° от зенита будет на центральной частоте не менее 400 кв. град. при падении чувствительности на краях площадки в два раза. Показано, что телескоп, состоящий из 64 модулей, позволит делать прогноз не менее 2–3 раз в день. Оценка точности предсказания времени прихода выброса к Земле — один час.

This paper examines scientific and technical requirements for a specialized radio telescope which allows us to make a space weather forecast from observations of radio sources that scintillate on moving irregularities of interplanetary plasma. It is shown that in addition to forecasting the radio telescope can solve other scientific problems. A variant of the antenna's technical implementation is proposed, and the structure of the radio telescope is studied. The radio telescope is a spaced antenna array consisting of modules, each with 16 (4×4) base antenna elements representing 2 orthogonal dipoles. The effective area of a module is 16 m2 at the central frequency of 180 MHz; the total operating frequency band is 120–240 MHz. The module’s field of view is at least 400 sq.deg. in the range ± 50° from the zenith at the central frequency. The sensitivity drops by a factor of 2 at the edges of the field of view. It is demonstrated that the telescope consisting of 64 modules will provide a forecast at least 2–3 times a day. The estimated accuracy of predicting the arrival time of coronal mass ejection at Earth is one hour.

 космическая погода межпланетные мерцания прогноз низкочастотные наблюдения Большая синфазная антенна (БСА) space weather interplanetary scintillation forecast low-frequency observations Large Phased Array (LPA) Работа выполнялась в рамках госзадания The work was carried out under the Government assignment

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