The article analyzes the critical dependence of the Russian economy on commodity exports, which makes it vulnerable to global price fluctuations and geopolitical risks, and substantiates the need 
for structural transformation towards non-commodity non-energy exports (NNE) to ensure long-term sustainability and competitiveness. The national project "International Cooperation and Export" 
is considered as a key mechanism for diversification. The article highlights the priorities of the national project: the growth of the NNE, the reorientation to the markets of friendly countries, and digitalization, and provides an in-depth analysis of the dynamic development of trade in high-tech and agro-industrial goods with China. The conclusion is that the national project is fundamentally important for the transformation of exports and the entire Russian economy, and that its successful implementation, despite significant challenges, can ensure long-term economic stability, technological sovereignty, and a change in the country's position in global markets through 
the development of innovation and strengthening cooperation with key partners.