The article is devoted to the analysis of the digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex of Russia in the context of global challenges in solving the problems of sanctions pressure, import dependence and the need to achieve technological sovereignty. Based on content analysis of statistical data, strategic documents and scientific research, the current level of implementation of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, blockchain and robotization, was assessed. The results demonstrate that only 40% of domestic agro-industrial enterprises use artificial intelligence, the availability of digital data from agricultural organizations does not exceed 13%. According to the study, the key barriers to digitalization are personnel shortages, dependence on foreign technologies and cyber risks. At the present stage, the ongoing government measures, including concessional lending and the creation of digital platforms, undoubtedly contribute to the digital modernization of the agro-industrial complex, and update the introduction of new training programs for specialists with relevant digital competencies and support for small agribusiness entities. It can be summarized that the integration of digital solutions into the existing infrastructure not only increases operational efficiency, but also creates positive prerequisites for the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex. The practical implementation of the proposed business model will not only strengthen the position of Russian farmers in the global food market, but will also create a strategic basis for the formation of smart agriculture.