Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Солнечно-земная физика 2712-9640 84383 10.12737/szf-104202412 Результаты исследований Results of current research Результаты исследований Spatial distribution of auroral precipitation and failures in railway automatics at the north of European Russia Пространственное распределение авроральных высыпаний и сбоев в работе железнодорожной автоматики на севере европейской части России Сахаров Ярослав Алексеевич Sakharov Yaroslav Alekseevich sakharov@pgia.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0678-8743 Ягова Надежда Викторовна Yagova Nadezda Viktorovna nyagova@ifz.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-7465 Пилипенко Вячеслав Анатольевич Pilipenko Vyacheslav Anatolievich space.soliton@gmail.com

доктор физико-математических наук;

doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Ягодкина Оксана Ивановна Yagodkina Oksana Ivanovna yagodkina@pgia.ru Гаранин Сергей Львович Garanin Sergey Lvovich lvovi4s@icloud.com Полярный Геофизический Институт Апатиты Россия Polar Geophysical Institute Apatity Russian Federation Центр физико-технических проблем энергетики Севера КНЦ РАН Апатиты Россия Nothern Energetics Research Centre KSC RAS Apatity Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russian Federation Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН Москва Россия Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Moscow Russian Federation Геофизический центр РАН Москва Россия Geophysical Center RAS Moscow Russian Federation Институт космических исследований Москва Россия Space Research Institute Moscow Russian Federation Полярный геофизический институт Апатиты Россия Polar Geophysical Institute Apatity Russian Federation Институт геохимии и аналитической химии им. В.И. Вернадского РАН Москва Россия Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chem-istry of RAS Moscow Russian Federation 18 12 2024 18 12 2024 10 4 114 121 21 06 2024 19 08 2024 https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/84383/view

Исследована связь между возмущениями космической погоды и пространственным распределением сбоев в работе железнодорожной автоматики на участках Северной и Октябрьской железных дорог в 2001–2006 гг. Во время наиболее сильных магнитных бурь, вызвавших многочисленные сбои, рассматриваются широтное распределение потока энергии авроральных электронов и локальная геомагнитная возмущенность, определенная как среднее значение модуля производной по времени горизонтальной компоненты геомагнитного поля |dBΗ/dt|. Показано, что на главной и восстановительной фазах магнитных бурь участки, на которых наблюдались сбои, попадали в область интенсивных авроральных высыпаний, а значение |dBH/dt| превышало 5 нТл/с. Связь между положением экваториальной границы аврорального овала и пространственным распределением сбоев рассматривается как во время отдельных магнитных бурь, так и статистически за пять лет наблюдений. И отдельные события, и статистические тесты показывают, что смещение к югу экваториальной границы аврорального овала коррелирует с ростом доли сбоев на более низкоширотных участках железных дорог, соответствующих субавроральным геомагнитным широтам.

We study the relationship between space weather disturbances and spatial distribution of failures in railway automatics at segments of Northern and October railways in 2001–2006. During the most intensive magnetic storms that caused numerous failures, latitude distribution of auroral electron precipitation and local geomagnetic disturbance, determined as mean absolute value of time derivative of the geomagnetic field horizontal component |dBH/dt|, are examined. We show that in magnetic storm main and recovery phases the segments, where the failures were recorded, correspond to the region of intense auroral precipitation and |dBH/dt| exceeded 5 nT/s. The relationship between position of auroral oval equatorial boundary and spatial distribution of failures is analyzed for individual magnetic storms and statistically for five years of observations. Both individual cases and statistic tests show that southward displacement of the auroral oval equatorial boundary correlates with increase in the proportion of failures at lower latitude railway segments.

 космическая погода магнитные бури авроральный овал железные дороги space weather magnetic storms auroral oval railways Работа поддержана грантом РНФ № 21-77-30010 The work was financially supported by RSF Grant No. 21-77-30010

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