Forestry Engineering Journal Forestry Engineering Journal Лесотехнический журнал 2222-7962 84290 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2024.1/9 ДЕРЕВОПЕРЕРАБОТКА. ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ WOOD PROCESSING. CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY ДЕРЕВОПЕРЕРАБОТКА. ХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ The use of vinyl and vinylidene chloride latexes in the manufacture of asbestos cardboard Применение винил- и винилиден-хлоридных латексов при изготовлении асбестового картона Мальцев Геннадий Иванович Mal'cev Gennadiy Ivanovich maltsewg@yandex.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Юрьев Юрий Леонидович Yur'ev Yuriy Leonidovich charekat@mail.ru

доктор технических наук;

doctor of technical sciences;

 Уральский государственный лесотехнический университет Ural State Forest Engineering University 20 06 2024 20 06 2024 14 1 151 169 01 02 2024 22 02 2024 http://lestehjournal.ru/en/journal/2024/no-1-53/use-vinyl-and-vinylidene-chloride-latexes-manufacture-asbestos-cardboard

Необходимость создания недорогого бумагоподобного материала на основе минеральных волокон обусловлена защитой теплоизоляции трубопроводов. Использованные материалы: минеральные волокна ‒ асбест сорта М-4-20; связующее ‒ винил- и винилиден-хлоридные латексы ВХВД-65, ДВХБ-70; коагулянт ‒ сульфат алюминия. Применяемый метод: изготовление в листоотливном аппарате «TAPPI» образцов асбестового картона из волокнистой композиции , мас. ч.: 100 асбестовое волокно; 5‒60 латекс; 3‒10 коагулянт. Для каждого состава волокнистой композиции отливали 10 образцов для испытания. Свойства материала характеризуют физико-механические показатели: разрывная длина (L, м); сопротивление раздиранию (Е, мН) и продавливанию (Ро, кПа); впитываемость при одностороннем смачивании (G, г/м2) и капиллярная (B, мм); степень проклейки (С, с/мм). Результаты: прочность отливок зависит от природы, содержания связующего и коагулянта: для латексов ДВХБ-70/ ВХВД-65 ‒ Lmax = (504–662)/(384–417) с уровнем значимости α = 0,05 в композиции, мас.ч.: 5‒20 латекс; 3–6 коагулянт; Lmin = 206/(132‒168) с α = 0,05 в композиции, мас.ч.: 25‒60 латекс; 7–10 коагулянт; Ро(max) = (14–15)/20 кПа с α = 0,05 при содержании 10/(10–20) мас.ч. латекса. Образцы с ВХВД-65 гидрофильные: Gmax / Bmax = (2–3)/(4–5) с α = 0,05. При увеличении содержания ДВХБ-70 значения G уменьшаются с 1–3 до нуля с α = 0,05; B ≈ 0 при любом содержании ДВХБ-70. Результаты означают: в теории ‒ физико-механические свойства асбестового картона определяются пленкообразующими свойствами связующих ‒ синтетических латексов; на практике ‒ определены составы волокнистых суспензий для получения защитного материала с высокими потребительскими свойствами. Заключение: ключевым преимуществом для читателей является практическое подтверждение возможности создания новых композиционных материалов с ингредиентами различной природы ‒ минеральной и органической. Нерешенным остается ассортимент латексов с другими мономерами, пригодными для получения асбестового картона.

The need to create an inexpensive paper-like material based on mineral fibers is due to the protection of thermal insulation of pipelines. Materials used: mineral fibers ‒ asbestos grades M-4-20; binder ‒ vinyl- and vinylidene-chloride latexes VKHVD-65, DVKHB-70; coagulant ‒ aluminum sulfate. Method used: production of samples of asbestos cardboard from a fibrous composition in a TAPPI sheet‒filling machine, wt. h.: 100 asbestos fiber; 5‒60 latex; 3‒10 coagulant. For each composition of the fibrous composition, 10 samples were cast for testing. The properties of the material are characterized by physical‒mechanical parameters: breaking length (L, m); tear resistance (E, mN) and penetration (Po, kPa); absorbency during unilateral wetting (G, g/m2) and capillary (B, mm); degree of sizing (C, c/mm). Results: the strength of castings depends on the nature, binder and coagulant content: for latexes DVKHB-70/ VKHVD-65 ‒ Lmax = (504‒662)/(384‒417) with a significance level of α = 0.05 in the composition, wt.h.: 5‒20 latex; 3‒6 coagulant; Lmin = 206/(132‒168) with α = 0.05 in composition, wt.h.: 25‒60 latex; 7‒10 coagulant; Po(max) = (14‒15)/20 kPa with α = 0.05 at a content of 10/(10‒20) wt.h. latex. Samples with VKHVD-65 are hydrophilic: Gmax / Bmax = (2 ‒3)/(4‒5) with α = 0.05. With an increase in the content of DVKHB-70, the values of G decrease from 1‒3 to zero with α = 0.05; B ≈ 0 for any content of DVKHB-70. The results mean: in theory, the physical and mechanical properties of asbestos cardboard are determined by the film‒forming properties of binders ‒ synthetic latexes; in practice, the compositions of fibrous suspensions for obtaining a protective material with high consumer properties are determined. Conclusion: a key advantage for readers is the practical confirmation of the possibility of creating new composite materials with ingredients of various natures ‒ mineral and organic. The range of latexes with other monomers suitable for the production of asbestos cardboard remains unresolved.

 латекс асбестовый картон разрывная длина сопротивление раздиранию сопротивление продавливанию впитываемость при одностороннем смачивании и капиллярная степень проклейки latex asbestos cardboard breaking length tearing resistance punching resistance absorbency with unilateral wetting and capillary degree of sizing

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