As part of the comprehensive package of climate measures "Fit for 55", on July 14, 2021, the European Commission published a proposal for the introduction of the so-called Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), an instrument that is a necessary step for the EU in the fight against climate change. CBAM is an analogue of the customs duty calculated on the basis of the volume of direct GHG emissions produced during production processes during production and the price for emissions equal to the price on the market of mandatory EU-ETS carbon certificates. In order to give the economy its place, role and importance in the global economy and in world politics, Russia needs a low-carbon economy model. To do this, it is necessary to create an effective mechanism for regulating greenhouse gas emissions, which would encourage companies to reduce emissions, use low-carbon technologies through direct investments and government support measures, financing R&D, creating venture companies and startups.