<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Солнечно-земная физика / Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika / Solar-Terrestrial Physics</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2712-9640</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">71424</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/szf-101202406</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Результаты  исследований</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of El Niño on parameters of the middle and upper atmosphere over Eastern Siberia according to reanalysis and model data in winter</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Влияние Эль-Ниньо на параметры средней и верхней атмосферы над Восточной Сибирью по данным реанализа и моделирования в зимний период</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Вяткин</surname>
       <given-names>Артём Николаевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Vyatkin</surname>
       <given-names>Artyom Nikolaevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>aptemzm1997@gmail.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Зоркальцева</surname>
       <given-names>Ольга Сергеевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Zorkaltseva</surname>
       <given-names>Olga Sergeevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>olgak@iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Мордвинов</surname>
       <given-names>Владимир Иванович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mordvinov</surname>
       <given-names>Vladimir Ivanovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>v_mordv@mail.iszf.irk.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН</institution>
     <city>Иркутск</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Solar Terrestrial Physics SB RAS</institution>
     <city>Irkutsk</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-26T18:02:29+03:00">
    <day>26</day>
    <month>03</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-26T18:02:29+03:00">
    <day>26</day>
    <month>03</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>10</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>44</fpage>
   <lpage>52</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-03T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>03</day>
     <month>11</month>
     <year>2023</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-01-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>01</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/71424/view">https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/71424/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Одним из наиболее важных климатообразующих явлений в системе океан—атмосфера является Эль-Ниньо Южное Колебание (ЭНЮК), проявляющееся с разной интенсивностью практически во всех регионах земного шара. Центральные районы Евразии наиболее удалены от тропиков Тихого океана — областей зарождения ЭНЮК. Существуют разные точки зрения относительно характера влияния ЭНЮК на эти регионы. В работе по модельным расчетам и данным реанализа оценивается влияние ЭНЮК на верхнюю атмосферу Северного полушария и, в частности, на верхнюю атмосферу Восточной Сибири. Результаты анализа показали, что крупномасштабные структуры отклика атмосферы на ЭНЮК в Северном полушарии по данным моделирования и реанализа схожи, однако районы Восточной Сибири находятся на периферии основного сигнала, где наблюдаются значительные различия в оценках эффектов Эль-Ниньо и Ла-Нинья от одного случая к другому. В январе наибольшее влияние ЭНЮК оказывает на среднюю атмосферу полярных регионов Северного полушария. Над Евразией и Восточной Сибирью отклик атмосферы на ЭНЮК оказался слабым или отсутствовал.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>One of the most important climate-forming phenomena in the ocean—atmosphere system is the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, which manifest themselves with varying intensity in almost all regions of the globe. The central regions of Eurasia are farthest from the tropics of the Pacific Ocean, the regions where ENSO originates. There are different points of view regarding the nature of the ENSO effect on these regions. In the presented work, the influence of ENSO on the upper atmosphere of the Northern Hemisphere and, in particular, on the upper atmosphere of Eastern Siberia is estimated using model calculations and reanalysis data. The results of the analysis show that the large-scale structures of the atmospheric response to the ENSO events in the Northern Hemisphere are similar according to modeling and reanalysis, yet the regions of Eastern Siberia are on the periphery of the main signal and there are significant differences in estimated effects from one case of El Niño and La Niña to another. In January, ENSO has the greatest impact on the middle atmosphere of the polar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Over Eurasia and Eastern Siberia, the atmospheric response to the ENSO events turned out to be weak or absent.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Эль-Ниньо Южное Колебание</kwd>
    <kwd>мезосфера — нижняя термосфера</kwd>
    <kwd>планетарные волны</kwd>
    <kwd>МСВА</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>El Niño Southern Oscillation</kwd>
    <kwd>mesosphere — lower thermosphere</kwd>
    <kwd>planetary waves</kwd>
    <kwd>MUAM</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Обработка и хранение данных осуществлялись при поддержке Минобрнауки России (субсидия  № 075-ГЗ/Ц3569/278); анализ и интерпретация результатов выполнены при поддержке проекта РНФ № 22-7710008</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">Data processing and storage were financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Subsidy No. 075-GZ/Ts3569/278); the analysis and interpretation of the results, by RSF (Project No. 22-7710008)</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаврилов Н.М., Коваль А.В. Параметризация воздействия мезомасштабных стационарных орографических волн для использования в численных моделях динамики атмосферы. Известия РАН, Физика атмосферы и океана. 2013. Т. 49, № 3. С. 271-278.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Domeisen D.I., Garfinkel C.I., Butler A.H. The teleconnection of El Nino Southern Oscillation to the stratosphere. Rev. Geophys. 2019, vol. 57, pp. 5-47. DOI: 10.1029/2018RG000596.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михалев А.В. Особенности многолетних вариаций излучения верхней атмосферы земли в связи с колебаниями климатической системы атмосфера-океан. Солнечно-земная физика. 2012. Вып. 21. С. 62-66.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ermakova T.S, Aniskina O.G., Statnaia I.A., Motsakov M.A., Pogoreltsev  A.I. Simulation of the ENSO influence on the extra-tropical middle atmosphere. Earth, Planets and Space. 2019. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-019-0987-9.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Михалев А.В. Атмосферная эмиссия [OI] 557.7 нм в периоды экстремальных событий Эль-Ниньо/Ла-Ниньо в 23-ем и 24-ем солнечных циклах. Оптика атмосферы и океана. 2017. Т. 30, № 11. С. 986-989. DOI: 10.15372/AOO20171112.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ermakova T.S., Koval A.V., Smyshlyaev S.P., Didenko K.A., Aniskina O.G., Savenkova E.N., Vinokurova E.V. Manifestations of Different El Niño Types in the Dynamics of the Extratropical Stratosphere. Atmosphere. 2022, vol. 13, no.12.2111. DOI: 10.3390/atmos13122111.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суворова Е.В., Погорельцев А.И. Моделирование немигрирующих приливов в средней атмосфере. Геомагнетизм и аэрономия. 2011. Т. 51, № 1. С. 107-118.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garcia-Herrera R., Calvo N., Garcia R.R., Giorgetta M.A. Propagation of ENSO temperature signals into the middle atmosphere: A comparison of two general circulation models and ERA-40 reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res. 2006, vol. 111, iss. D6. DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006061.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Domeisen D.I., Garfinkel C.I., Butler A.H. The teleconnection of El Nino Southern Oscillation to the stratosphere. Rev. Geophys. 2019. Vol. 57. P. 5-47. DOI: 10.1029/2018RG000596.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garfinkel C.I., Hartmann D.L. Different ENSO teleconnections and their effects on the stratospheric polar vortex. J. Geophys. Res. 2008, vol. 113, iss. D18. DOI: 10.1029/2008 JD009920.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ermakova T.S, Aniskina O.G., Statnaia I.A., et al. Simulation of the ENSO influence on the extra-tropical middle atmosphere. Earth, Planets and Space. 2019. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-019-0987-9.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gavrilov N.M., Koval A.V. Parameterization of mesoscale stationary orographic wave impact for usage in numerical models of atmospheric dynamics. Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. 2013, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 271-278. (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ermakova T.S., Koval A.V., Smyshlyaev S.P., et al. Manifestations of Different El Niño Types in the Dynamics of the Extratropical Stratosphere. Atmosphere. 2022. Vol. 13, no. 12.2111. DOI: 10.3390/atmos13122111.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hersbach H., Bell B., Berrisford P., Hirahara S., Horányi A., Muñoz-Sabater J., et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quarterly J. Royal Meteorological Society. 2020, vol. 146, no. 730, pp. 1999-2049.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garcia-Herrera R., Calvo N., Garcia R.R., Giorgetta M.A. Propagation of ENSO temperature signals into the middle atmosphere: A comparison of two general circulation models and ERA-40 reanalysis data. J. Geophys. Res. 2006. Vol. 111, iss. D6. DOI: 10.1029/2005JD006061.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong S-S., Wang P-H. On the thermal excitation of atmospheric tides. Bull. Geophys. 1980, vol. 19, pp. 56-84.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garfinkel C.I., Hartmann D.L. Different ENSO teleconnections and their effects on the stratospheric polar vortex. J. Geophys. Res. 2008. Vol. 113, iss. D18. DOI: 10.1029/2008 JD009920.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobi Ch., Kürschner D. A possible connection of midlatitude mesosphere/lower thermosphere zonal winds and the Southern Oscillation. Phys. Chem. Earth. 2002, vol. 27, rr. 571-577. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-7065(02)00039-6.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hersbach H., Bell B., Berrisford P., et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quarterly J. Royal Meteorological Society. 2020. Vol. 146, no. 730. P. 1999-2049.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobi Ch., Ermakova T., Mewes D., Pogoreltsev A.I. El Niño influence on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere circulation at midlatitudes as seen by a VHF meteor radar at Collm (51.3° N, 13° E). Adv. Radio Sci. 2017, vol. 15, rr. 199-206. DOI: 10.5194/ars-15-199-2017.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong S-S., Wang P-H. On the thermal excitation of atmospheric tides. Bull. Geophys. 1980. Vol. 19. P. 56-84.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li T., Calvo N., Yue J., Dou X., Russell III. J.M., Mlynczak M.G., She C.-Y., Xue X. Influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the mesosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2013, vol. 40, pp. 3292-3296. DOI: 10.1002/grl.50598.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobi Ch., Kürschner D. A possible connection of midlatitude mesosphere/lower thermosphere zonal winds and the Southern Oscillation. Phys. Chem. Earth. 2002. Vol. 27. P. 571-577. DOI: 10.1016/S1474-7065(02)00039-6.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu C., Liu Y., Liu C. Middle atmosphere response to ENSO events in Northern Hemisphere winter by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. Atmosphere-Ocean. 2011, vol. 49, iss. 2, pp. 95-111. DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2011.576451.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobi Ch., Ermakova T., Mewes D., Pogoreltsev A.I. El Niño influence on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere circulation at midlatitudes as seen by a VHF meteor radar at Collm (51.3° N, 13° E). Adv. Radio Sci. 2017. Vol. 15. P. 199-206. DOI: 10.5194/ars-15-199-2017.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lubis S.W., Matthes K., Omrani N.-E., Harnik N., Wahl S. Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and Sea Surface Temperature Variability on Downward Wave Coupling in the Northern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 2016, vol. 73, pp. 1943-1965. DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0072.1.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li T., Calvo N., Yue J., et al. Influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the mesosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2013. Vol. 40. P. 3292-3296. DOI: 10.1002/grl.50598.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhalev A.V. Some peculiarities of long-term variations of the Earth’s upper atmosphere radiation in connection with changes in atmosphere-ocean climatic system. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2012, iss. 21, pp. 62-66. (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu C., Liu Y., Liu C. Middle atmosphere response to ENSO events in Northern Hemisphere winter by the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. Atmosphere-Ocean. 2011. Vol. 49, iss. 2. P. 95-111. DOI: 10.1080/07055900.2011.576451.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhalev A.V. The [OI] 557.7 nm airglow emission during El Niño/La Niña extreme events in solar cycles 23-24. Atmospheric and ocean optics. 2017, no. 11, pp. 986-989. DOI: 10.15372/AOO20171112. (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lubis S.W., Matthes K., Omrani N.-E., et al. Influence of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation and Sea Surface Temperature Variability on Downward Wave Coupling in the Northern Hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 2016. Vol. 73. P. 1943-1965. DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-15-0072.1.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhalev A.V., Stoeva P., Medvedeva I.V., Benev B., Medvedev A.V. Behavior of the atomic oxygen 557.7 nm atmospheric emission in the solar cycle 23. Adv. Space Res. 2008, vol. 41, iss. 4, pp. 655-659. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2007.07.017.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikhalev A.V., Stoeva P., Medvedeva I.V., et al. Behavior of the atomic oxygen 557.7 nm atmospheric emission in the solar cycle 23. Adv. Space Res. 2008. Vol. 41, iss. 4. P. 655-659. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2007.07.017.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pogoreltsev A.I., Vlasov A.A., Frchlich K., Jacobi Ch. Planetary waves in coupling the lower and upper atmosphere. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2007, vol. 69, pp. 2083-2101.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pogoreltsev A.I., Vlasov A.A., Frцhlich K., Jacobi Ch. Planetary waves in coupling the lower and upper atmosphere. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2007. Vol. 69. P. 2083-2101.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richter J.H., Matthes K., Calvo N., Gray L.J. Influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation on the frequency of sudden stratospheric warmings. J. Geophys. Res. 2011, vol. 116, D20111. DOI: 10.1029/2011JD015757.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richter J.H., Matthes K., Calvo N., Gray L.J. Influence of the quasi-biennial oscillation and El Niño-Southern Oscillation on the frequency of sudden stratospheric warmings. J. Geophys. Res. 2011. Vol. 116. D20111. DOI: 10.1029/2011JD015757.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sobaeva D., Zyulyaeva Y., Gulev S. ENSO and PDO Effect on Stratospheric Dynamics in IscaNumerical Experiments. Atmosphere. 2023, vol. 14, iss. 3, 459 p. DOI: 10.3390/ atmos14030459.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sobaeva D., Zyulyaeva Y., Gulev S. ENSO and PDO Effect on Stratospheric Dynamics in IscaNumerical Experiments. Atmosphere. 2023. Vol. 14, iss. 3. P. 459. DOI: 10.3390/ atmos14030459.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Suvorova E.V., Pogoreltsev A.I. Modeling of nonmigrating tides in the middle atmosphere. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. 2011, vol. 51, no 1, pp. 107-118. (In Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taguchi M., Hartmann D.L. Increased occurrence of stratospheric sudden warmings during El-Niño as simulated by WACCM. Journal of Climate. 2006. Vol. 19, iss. 3. P. 324-332. DOI: 10.1175/jcli3655.1.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taguchi M., Hartmann D.L. Increased occurrence of stratospheric sudden warmings during El-Niño as simulated by WACCM. Journal of Climate. 2006, vol. 19, iss. 3. P. 324-332. DOI: 10.1175/jcli3655.1.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang X.Y., Zhu J., Chang C.H., et al. Underestimated responses of Walker circulation to ENSO-related SST anomaly in atmospheric and coupled models. Geophys. Lett. 2021. Vol. 8, no. 17. DOI: 10.1186/s40562-021-00186-8.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang X.Y., Zhu J., Chang C.H., Johnson N.C., Liu H., Li Y., et al. Underestimated responses of Walker circulation to ENSO-related SST anomaly in atmospheric and coupled models. Geophys. Lett. 2021, vol. 8, no. 17. DOI: 10.1186/s40562-021-00186-8.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">URL: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/teleconnections/enso/sst (дата обращения 30 января 2023 г.).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">URL: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/teleconnections/enso/sst (accessed January 30, 2023).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
