Forestry Engineering Journal Forestry Engineering Journal Лесотехнический журнал 2222-7962 64500 10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2023.1/18 Экология Ecology Экология Morpho- and pheno-variability of Picea pungens Engelm.: analysis of the species plasticity in the Voronezh urban environment Морфо- и феноизменчивость Picea pungens Engelm.: анализ пластичности вида в урбосреде Воронежа Дегтярева Светлана Ивановна Degtyareva Svetlana Ivanovna degtjarewa-lana@yandex.ru

кандидат биологических наук;

candidate of sciences in biology;

 Дорофеева Валентина Дмитриевна Dorofeeva Valentina Dmitrievna botfizrast@vglta.vrn.ru Еськов Владимир Андреевич Eskov Vladimir A. eskovvladimir2019@yandex.ru Красникова Мария Олеговна Krasnikova Maria O. masha13032001@mail.ru Олейникова Елена Михайловна Oleynikova Elena Mihaylovna cichor@agronomy.vsau.ru Торчик Владимир Иванович Torchyk Vladimir I. dendro@tut.by

доктор биологических наук;

doctor of sciences in biology;

 Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова Воронеж Россия Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov Voronezh Russian Federation Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова Россия Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова Russian Federation Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет имени Г.Ф. Морозова Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov Воронежский государственный аграрный университет имени императора Петра I Voronezh State Agricultural University after Emperor Peter the Great Центральный ботанический сад НАН Беларуси Минск Россия Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Минск Russian Federation 16 05 2023 16 05 2023 13 1 268 280 02 02 2023 28 02 2023 http://lestehjournal.ru/journal/2023/no-1-49/morfo-i-fenoizmenchivost-picea-pungens-engelm-analiz-plastichnosti-vida-v

В Центрально-Черноземном регионе РФ с 2010 года всё более увеличивается разрыв между фенологическим развитием растений и абиотическими факторами среды. Для биоразнообразия флоры мегаполисов актуален вопрос подбора ассортимента из видов растений, устойчивых одновременно к комплексу изменений природного и антропогенного характера. Одним из таких видов является ель колючая (Picea pungens Engelm.). Исследовали диаметр ствола на высоте груди, высоту дерева, количество макростробил, длину и окраску хвои экземпляров (N = 50), произрастающих в городских насаждениях Воронежа. Длина хвои исследованных деревьев идентична длине хвои деревьев в естественном ареале. У 20-30-летних деревьев преобладают голубохвойные формы, отмечена достаточно сильная положительная корреляция между диаметром ствола и высотой дерева (r = 0,65). Фиксировали начало роста и окончания побегов, сроки заложения зимующих почек у деревьев ели колючей (Picea pungens Engelm.). Сроки вегетации исследованного вида сопоставимы с феноритмикой местного (аборигенного) вида ели европейской (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Данные свидетельствуют о достаточно высокой приспособленности ели колючей (Picea pungens Engelm.) к расширению ее потенциального ареала. Полагаем, что данный вид перспективен для повсеместного использования в различных рекреационных зонах мегаполисов. В будущем необходимо ответить на вопрос: как феноритмика изученного вида скажется на вегетативном воспроизводстве для формирования основы местного фенотипа?

In the Central Chernozem region of the Russian Federation, since 2010, the gap between the phenological development of plants and abiotic environmental factors has been increasing. In order to increase the biodiversity of the flora of megacities, the question of selecting an assortment of plant species that are resistant to a complex of natural and anthropogenic changes at the same time remains relevant. One of these species is the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.). The diameter of the trunk at chest height, the height of the tree, the number of macrostrobes, the length and color of the needles of specimens (N = 50) growing in urban plantations of Voronezh were studied. The length of the needles of the studied trees is identical to the length of the needles of trees in the natural range. In 20-30-year-old trees, blue-coniferous forms predominate, there is a fairly strong positive correlation between the diameter of the trunk and the height of the tree (r = 0.65).The beginning of growth and the end of shoots were recorded, the timing of the laying of wintering buds in prickly spruce trees (Picea pungens Engelm.). The vegetation period of the studied species is comparable with the phenorhythmics of the local (aboriginal) species of European spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The data indicate a sufficiently high adaptability of the prickly spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) to the expansion of its potential range. We believe that this species is promising for widespread use in various recreational areas of megacities. In the future, it is necessary to answer the question: how will the phenorhythmics of the studied species affect vegetative reproduction to form the basis of the local phenotype?

 ель колючая (Picea pungens Engelm.) интродуцент морфология фенология урбосреда blue spruce (Picea pungens Engelm.) introduced morphology phenology urban forest

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