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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Scientific Research and Development. Economics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Scientific Research and Development. Economics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Научные исследования и разработки. Экономика</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2587-9111</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">52483</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/2587-9111-2022-10-4-12-15</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Экономическая теория</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Economic theory</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Экономическая теория</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">System Foundations of the Theory of Long-Term Technical and Economic Development</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Системные основы теории долгосрочного технико-экономического развития</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Басовский</surname>
       <given-names>Л. Е.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Basovskiy</surname>
       <given-names>Leonid Efimovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>basovskiy@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Басовская</surname>
       <given-names>Е. Н.</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Basovskaya</surname>
       <given-names>Elena Nikolaevna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>basovskaya.elena@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат экономических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of economic sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Тульский государственный  педагогический университет им. Л.Н. Толстого</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Leo Tolstoy Tula State Pedagogical University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-08-29T14:38:29+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-08-29T14:38:29+03:00">
    <day>29</day>
    <month>08</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>10</volume>
   <issue>4</issue>
   <fpage>12</fpage>
   <lpage>15</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-08-19T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>19</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/52483/view">https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/52483/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Современные представления теории долгосрочного технико-экономического развития и эволюционной экономики подвергаются систематической критике, поскольку создаваемые на их основе модели не обеспечивают прогностических возможностей даже в предсказании глубоких экономических кризисов. В работе на основе общего подхода к теории систем, формулированного Н. Винером, периодизации циклов Кондратьева, положений истории экономики, истории и теории автоматизированных систем управления углубляются представления о технологических укладах. Первый, второй, третий и четвёртый технологические уклады обеспечили рост производительности труда за счёт увеличения материалоёмкости, энергоёмкости и капиталоёмкости производства на основе увеличения масштабов получения и использования научено-технической информации. Совершенствование производства было осуществлено путём его механизации, замены труда человека работой машин, включающих простейшие системы регулирования, которые в дальнейшем были заменены автоматическими линиями. Пятый и шестой технологические уклады обеспечили рост производи-тельности труда с одновременным сокращением материалоёмкости, энергоёмкости и капиталоёмкости производства на основе увеличения масштабов получения и использования научено-технической информации. Совершенствование производства было осуществлено путём замены автоматических линий гибкими автоматизированными производствами, затем путём создания автоматизированных интеллектуально управляемых автоматизированных систем.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Modern ideas of the theory of long-term technical and economic development and evolutionary economics are systematically criticized, since the models created on their basis do not provide predictive capabilities even in predicting deep economic cri-ses. Based on the general approach to systems theory formulated by N. Wiener, the pe-riodization of Kondratiev cycles, the provisions of the history of the economy, the histo-ry and theory of automated control systems, the ideas of technological structures are deepened. The first, second, third and fourth technological modes ensured the growth of labor productivity due to an increase in material intensity, energy intensity and capital intensity of production based on an increase in the scale of obtaining and using scientific and technical information. The improvement of production was carried out through its mechanization, the replacement of human labor by the work of machines, including the simplest control systems, which were later replaced by automatic lines. The fifth and sixth technological modes ensured the growth of labor productivity with a simultaneous reduction in material intensity, energy intensity and capital intensity of production on the basis of an increase in the scale of obtaining and using scientific and technical in-formation. The improvement of production was carried out by replacing automatic lines with flexible automated production, then by creating automated intelligently controlled automated systems.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>системный подход</kwd>
    <kwd>технологические уклады</kwd>
    <kwd>производительность</kwd>
    <kwd>информация</kwd>
    <kwd>механизация</kwd>
    <kwd>автоматизация</kwd>
    <kwd>интеллектуальные системы</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>systems approach</kwd>
    <kwd>technological structures</kwd>
    <kwd>productivity</kwd>
    <kwd>information</kwd>
    <kwd>mechanization</kwd>
    <kwd>automation</kwd>
    <kwd>intelligent systems</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
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