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PRIDUCTION OF SLEPERS WITH GIVEN QUALITY INDICATORS FROM PRESSED BIRCH WOOD
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PRIDUCTION OF SLEPERS WITH GIVEN QUALITY INDICATORS FROM PRESSED BIRCH WOOD
UDK 63 Сельское хозяйство. Лесное хозяйство. Охота. Рыбное хозяйство
Platonov Aleksey 1
Mikheevskaya Marina Aleksandrovna 2
Kuryanova Tatyana 3
Snegireva Svetlana Nikolaevna 4
Safonov Andrey Olegovich 5
Mozgovoy Nikolay Vasil'evich 6
Authors:
1.  Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov (kafedra drevesinovedeniya, zaveduyuschiy kafedroy)

Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
2.  Uhta State Technical University (Department of Logging Technologies and Machines, Senior Lecturer)

Uhta, Syktyvkar, Russian Federation
3.  Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov (Department of Wood Science and Technology, Associate Professor)

4.  Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov (kafedra drevesinovedeniya, docent)

Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
5.  Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov (kafedra drevesinovedeniya, professor)

Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
6.  Voronezh State Technical University (kafedra tehnosfernoy i pozharnoy bezopasnosti, professor)

Voronezh, Voronezh, Russian Federation
Type:
Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12737/article_5c1a322cee9d15.74273533
Pages:
from 187 to 193
Status:
Published
Received:
19.12.2018
Accepted:
18.03.2019
Published:
18.03.2019
Subject area:
UDK 63 Сельское хозяйство. Лесное хозяйство. Охота. Рыбное хозяйство
Language:
Russian
Keywords:
plotnost', drevesina berezy, stvol, pressovanie, shpala, vlazhnost', kachestvo
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
Osnovnym nedostatkom derevyannyh shpal yavlyaetsya malyy srok sluzhby po sravneniyu so shpalami, izgotovlennymi iz drugih materialov. Bol'shoe vliyanie na srok sluzhby i kachestvo derevyannyh shpal okazyvayut poroda drevesiny i kachestvo propitki antisepticheskimi sostavami. Naibol'shee rasprostranenie pri proizvodstve shpal poluchila drevesina sosny. V nastoyaschee vremya zapasy dannoy drevesnoy porody v evropeyskoy chasti RF sil'no istoscheny i na rynke prisutstvuet nehvatka syr'ya, udovletvoryayuschego trebovaniyam standartov, pred'yavlyaemym k lesomaterialam, iduschim na izgotovlenie shpal. Odnim iz resheniy dannoy problemy yavlyaetsya vozmozhnost' rasshireniya porodnogo sostava drevesnyh porod, ispol'zuemyh dlya izgotovleniya shpal. V nastoyaschee vremya preobladayuschey gruppoy porod v Central'nom Federal'nom okruge RF yavlyayutsya myagkie listvennye porody. Ishodya iz zapasa drevesnyh porod i fiziko-mehanicheskih pokazateley, celesoobrazno dlya proizvodstva shpal ispol'zovat' drevesinu berezy. Nedostatkom dannoy porody yavlyaetsya nevysokaya biologicheskaya stoykost', nedostatochnaya plotnost'. Povysit' plotnost' drevesiny berezy mozhno za schet pressovaniya. Dlya realizacii tehnologii pressovaniya drevesiny neobhodimy svedeniya o haraktere ishodnogo syr'ya. Drevesina yavlyaetsya biologicheskim materialom, svoystva kotorogo izmenyayutsya v stvole dereva. V rezul'tate vypolnennogo issledovaniya ustanovleno izmenenie vlazhnosti i plotnosti drevesiny po vysote stvola dereva, kotoraya sostavlyaet dlya drevesiny berezy 2.11 % na kazhdyy metr vysoty stvola. Na osnovanii etih dannyh dlya komlevoy, sredney i vershinnoy chastey stvola i s uchetom trebuemoy konechnoy plotnosti pressovannoy drevesiny dlya proizvodstva shpal byla rasschitana nachal'naya tolschina brus'ev i neobhodimaya stepen' ih pressovaniya. Eto pozvolilo poluchit' odnorodnuyu plotnost' pressovannoy drevesiny shpal i snizit' rashod syr'ya dlya proizvodstva shpal'nogo brusa s uchetom ego mestopolozheniya v stvole dereva.

Keywords:
plotnost', drevesina berezy, stvol, pressovanie, shpala, vlazhnost', kachestvo
Text
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References

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2. Platonov, A. D. Struktura i fiziko-mehanicheskie svoystva himicheski obrabotannoy drevesiny trudnosohnuschih porod [Tekst] : monogr. / A. D. Platonov. - Voronezh, 2005. - 125 s.

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