Understanding is a cognitive mental process of signification resources of hermeneutics. Special attention is paid to the evaluation of such components of this process, as the recognition of meanings in the communicative environment; organization of texts; the dimension of the situation; the appeal to super-texts varieties. Authors emphasize that the formal organization of the text is controlled with canons of the intra-system logic focusing on implementation of prosaic or poetic works. The first are distinguished by direct speech; the second are returnable, rhythmic way of forming of the speech with periodic repetitions, interfaces, similarity of the alternating ranks. The article also pays attention to the plot, representing the way of content disclosure, subject expansion, a plot statement through explanation of system of actions – intellectual, behavioral movements during the narration about happening. There is a general cultural model aligning "the fact with the deep ideological background", – the outlined circle of the phenomena (ontological basis) is linked to a creative manner of its primary development (epistemological basis). The categorical areas entering extremely wide types of a world perception are so formatted and reformatted: causalism, teleology, functionalism, historicism, probabilism, etc.