<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Solar-Terrestrial Physics</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Solar-Terrestrial Physics</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2500-0535</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">17482</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.12737/stp-3220172</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Results of current research</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Guided filtering for solar image/video processing</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Guided filtering for solar image/video processing</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Лун</surname>
       <given-names>Сюй </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Long</surname>
       <given-names>Xu </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>lxu@nao.cas.cn</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ихуа</surname>
       <given-names>Янь </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Yihua</surname>
       <given-names>Yan </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Цзюнь</surname>
       <given-names>Чэн </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Jun</surname>
       <given-names>Cheng </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальные астрономические обсерватории Китая</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>Taiwan</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная лаборатория исследования солнечной активности, Национальные астрономические обсерватории, Академия наук КНР</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Solar Activity, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Китайской академии наук</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">University of Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Главная лаборатория исследования солнечной  активности, Национальные астрономические  обсерватории, Академия наук КНР</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Key Laboratory of Solar Activity, National Astronomical  Observatories</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>Taiwan</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Государственная главная лаборатория космической пого-ды, Академия наук КНР</institution>
     <city>Пекин</city>
     <country>Китайская Народная Республика</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, Chinese Academy of Sciences</institution>
     <city>Beijing</city>
     <country>China</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>2</issue>
   <fpage>9</fpage>
   <lpage>15</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/17482/view">https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/17482/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>A new image enhancement algorithm employing guided filtering is proposed in this work for enhancement of solar images and videos, so that users can easily figure out important fine structures imbedded in the recorded images/movies for solar observation. The proposed algorithm can efficiently remove image noises, including Gaussian and impulse noises. Meanwhile, it can further highlight fibrous structures on/beyond the solar disk. These fibrous structures can clearly demonstrate the progress of solar flare, prominence coronal mass emission, magnetic field, and so on. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm gives significant enhancement of visual quality of solar images beyond original input and several classical image en-hancement algorithms, thus facilitating easier determi-nation of interesting solar burst activities from recorded images/movies.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>A new image enhancement algorithm employing guided filtering is proposed in this work for enhancement of solar images and videos, so that users can easily figure out important fine structures imbedded in the recorded images/movies for solar observation. The proposed algorithm can efficiently remove image noises, including Gaussian and impulse noises. Meanwhile, it can further highlight fibrous structures on/beyond the solar disk. These fibrous structures can clearly demonstrate the progress of solar flare, prominence coronal mass emission, magnetic field, and so on. The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm gives significant enhancement of visual quality of solar images beyond original input and several classical image en-hancement algorithms, thus facilitating easier determi-nation of interesting solar burst activities from recorded images/movies.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>guided filter</kwd>
    <kwd>Gaussian filter</kwd>
    <kwd>bilateral filter</kwd>
    <kwd>edge preserving</kwd>
    <kwd>image enhancement</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>guided filter</kwd>
    <kwd>Gaussian filter</kwd>
    <kwd>bilateral filter</kwd>
    <kwd>edge preserving</kwd>
    <kwd>image enhancement</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bae S., Paris S., Durand F. Two-scale tone management for photographic look. SIGGRAPH’06. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH 2006. Boston, Massachusetts, 2006.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bae S., Paris S., Durand F. Two-scale tone management for photographic look. SIGGRAPH’06. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH 2006. Boston, Massachusetts, 2006.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bo Chen, Jin-Lin Cai, Wen-Sheng Chen, Yan Li. A multiplicative noise removal approach based on partial differential equation model. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2012, vol. 2012, ID 242043, 14 p. DOI: 10.1155/2012/242043.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bo Chen, Jin-Lin Cai, Wen-Sheng Chen, Yan Li. A multiplicative noise removal approach based on partial differential equation model. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 2012, vol. 2012, ID 242043, 14 p. DOI: 10.1155/2012/242043.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Briggs W.L., Henson V.E., McCormick S.F. A Multigrid Tutorial. Second ed. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). 2000.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Briggs W.L., Henson V.E., McCormick S.F. A Multigrid Tutorial. Second ed. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM). 2000.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bundy A., Lincoln Wallen. Difference of Gaussians. Catalogue of Artificial Intelligence Tools. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1984, p. 30.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bundy A., Lincoln Wallen. Difference of Gaussians. Catalogue of Artificial Intelligence Tools. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1984, p. 30.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Xu, Min Li, Xiaoli Sun. An edge-preserving variational method for image decomposition. Chinese J. Electronics. 2013, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 109-113.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Xu, Min Li, Xiaoli Sun. An edge-preserving variational method for image decomposition. Chinese J. Electronics. 2013, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 109-113.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durand F., Dorsey J. Fast Bilateral Filtering for the Display of High-Dynamic-Range Images. SIGGRAPH’02. Proc. 29th Annual Conf. on Computer Graphics and Interactive Technologies, San Antonio, Texas, 2002.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Durand F., Dorsey J. Fast Bilateral Filtering for the Display of High-Dynamic-Range Images. SIGGRAPH’02. Proc. 29th Annual Conf. on Computer Graphics and Interactive Technologies, San Antonio, Texas, 2002.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gastal E.S.L., Oliveira M.M. Domain transform for edge-aware image and video processing. ACM Trans. Graphics. 2011, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 69:1-69:12.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gastal E.S.L., Oliveira M.M. Domain transform for edge-aware image and video processing. ACM Trans. Graphics. 2011, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 69:1-69:12.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han Yu, et al. Multiplicative noise removal combining a total variation regularizer and a nonconvex regularizer. Intern. J. Computer Math. 2014, vol. 91, no. 10, pp. 2243-2259.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han Yu, et al. Multiplicative noise removal combining a total variation regularizer and a nonconvex regularizer. Intern. J. Computer Math. 2014, vol. 91, no. 10, pp. 2243-2259.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He K., Sun J., Tang X. Guided image filtering. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 2013, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1397-1409.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">He K., Sun J., Tang X. Guided image filtering. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence. 2013, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 1397-1409.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang T., Yang G., Tang G. A fast two-dimensional median filtering algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. 1979, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 13-18.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang T., Yang G., Tang G. A fast two-dimensional median filtering algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. 1979, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 13-18.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim Sang Ho, Jan P. Allebach. Optimal unsharp mask for image sharpening and noise removal. J. Electronic Imaging. 2005, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 023005-023005.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim Sang Ho, Jan P. Allebach. Optimal unsharp mask for image sharpening and noise removal. J. Electronic Imaging. 2005, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 023005-023005.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Jingna, Li Xia. Symplectic flow for the square root of the negative Laplacian. J. Mathematical Analysis and Applications. 2012, vol. 389, pp. 812-820.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Jingna, Li Xia. Symplectic flow for the square root of the negative Laplacian. J. Mathematical Analysis and Applications. 2012, vol. 389, pp. 812-820.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Xia, Zheng An Yao, Wen Shu Zhou. Existence of positive solutions for a singular p-Laplacian differential equation. Acta Mathematica Sinica. 2008, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1331-1344.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Xia, Zheng An Yao, Wen Shu Zhou. Existence of positive solutions for a singular p-Laplacian differential equation. Acta Mathematica Sinica. 2008, vol. 24, no. 8, pp. 1331-1344.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu Jian, et al. An enhanced fractal image denoising algorithm. Chaos, Solitons &amp; Fractals. 2008, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 1054-1064. DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2007.06.048.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu Jian, et al. An enhanced fractal image denoising algorithm. Chaos, Solitons &amp; Fractals. 2008, vol. 38, no. 4, pp. 1054-1064. DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2007.06.048.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saad Y. Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), 2003. 528 p.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saad Y. Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), 2003. 528 p.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song Huijuan, Jingxue Yin, Ying Yang. Multiplicity of positive radial solutions for the weighted p-Laplacian in Rn∖{0}. Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications. 2013, vol. 66, no. 8. pp. 1475-1487.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song Huijuan, Jingxue Yin, Ying Yang. Multiplicity of positive radial solutions for the weighted p-Laplacian in Rn∖{0}. Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications. 2013, vol. 66, no. 8. pp. 1475-1487.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Jiebao, Jing Li, Qiang Liu. Cauchy problem of a nonlocal p-Laplacian evolution equation with nonlocal convection. Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods &amp; Applications. 2014, vol. 95, pp. 691-702.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Jiebao, Jing Li, Qiang Liu. Cauchy problem of a nonlocal p-Laplacian evolution equation with nonlocal convection. Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods &amp; Applications. 2014, vol. 95, pp. 691-702.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Xiaoli, Min Li, Weiqiang Zhang. An improved image denoising model based on the directed diffusion equation. Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications. 2011, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 2177-2181.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Xiaoli, Min Li, Weiqiang Zhang. An improved image denoising model based on the directed diffusion equation. Computers &amp; Mathematics with Applications. 2011, vol. 61, no. 8, pp. 2177-2181.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomasi C., Manduchi R. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. Proc. 1998 IEEE Intern. Conf. on Computer Vision, Bombay, India. 1998, p. 839.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomasi C., Manduchi R. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. Proc. 1998 IEEE Intern. Conf. on Computer Vision, Bombay, India. 1998, p. 839.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang Jiefei, et al. A Residual-Based Kernel Regression Method for Image Denoising. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016, vol. 2016, ID 5245948, 13 p. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1155/2016/5245948.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang Jiefei, et al. A Residual-Based Kernel Regression Method for Image Denoising. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016, vol. 2016, ID 5245948, 13 p. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.1155/2016/5245948.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
