REGULARITIES OF FORMATION OF PARASITOCENOSES IN CATTLE ON A STABLED AND PASTURED MANAGEMENT REGIME
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
Objective of research: to study dynamics of formation of parasitocenoses in cattle on a stabled and pastured management regime in the Chechen Republic. Materials and methods: The research was conducted in 2014–2015 at the state factory farm «Terek» in Shelkovsky region of the Chechen Republic. Fecal samples from 67 calves from the birth to one year were taken monthly and investigated by flotation and Baermann techniques to reveal eggs/larvae of helminths and protozoan cysts. Animals occasionally culled for economic reasons were killed in slaughterhouses and underwent a helminthological autopsy to detect imaginal forms of helminths. Altogether 155 heads of cattle were dissected and investigated. The species belonging of helminths was determined according to the «Determinant of cattle helminths» by V.M. Ivashkin, S.A. Muhamadiev (1981). Results and discussion: The parasite system of cattle is presented by 29 species of helminths and 2 species of protozoa. Strongyloides papillosus, Neoascaris vitulorum, Cryptosporidium parva and Eimeria spp. Parasitise calves of 1-3 months of age which are on a stabled regime. Moniezia autumnalia, M. benedeni, N. vitulorum, Dictyocaulus viviparus, Bunostomum phlebotomum, S. papillosus (by different intensity of invasion) were detected in calves 4-5 months of age grazing on pasture. The species composition and intensity of invasion will increase with an increase in the age of animals.

Keywords:
cattle, helminths, parasitocenosis, the Chechen Republic.
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Введение

Одним из резервов повышения продуктивности крупного рогатого скота является предотвращение экономического ущерба, причиняемого гельминтозами вследствие падежа и значительного снижения темпов роста, развития молодняка, а также количества и качества продукции.

Гельминтозы у крупного рогатого скота широко распространены в РФ [1, 3, 6, 8]. В настоящее время подробно изучены особенности эпизоотологии, терапии и профилактики гельминтозов у крупного рогатого скота [2-5]. Часто гельминтозы протекают у животных в смешанной форме и при этом экономический ущерб еще больше повышается.

Между тем, в литературе недостаточно освещены закономерности формирования паразитоценозов у крупного рогатого скота при стойлово-пастбищном содержании, которое до сих пор еще остается основным видом технологии.

 

В связи с этим целью нашей работы было изучение динамики формирования паразитоценозов у крупного рогатого скота при стойлово-пастбищном содержании в условиях Чеченской Республики.

References

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5. Ivashkin V.M., Muhamadiev S.A. Opredelitel’ gel’mintov krupnogo rogatogo skota [Determinant of cattle helminths]. M., Nauka, 1981. 260 p. (In Russian).

6. Latypov D.G., Lutfullin M.H., Gaysin G.N. Monitoring of epizootological situation on helminthiasis in cattle in the Republic of Tatarstan. Vet. vrach [Veterinary physician], 2001, no. 4, pp. 24-26. (In Russian).

7. Radionov A.V., Arkhipov I.A. Prevalence of cattle nematodosis under different management regimes in Russia. Ros. parazitol. Zhurnal [Russian Journal of Parasitology], 2010, no. 4, pp. 54-58. (In Russian).

8. Uspenskiy A.V., Malahova E.I., Shubaderov V.Ya. Koordinacija nauchno-tehnicheskih programm v veterinarnoj parazitologii (po materialam Koordinacionnogo Soveta Vserossijskogo nauchnoissledovatel’skogo instituta fundamental’noj i prikladnoj parazitologii zhivotnyh i rastenij im. K.I. Skrjabina, Rossija, Moskva). Ros. parazitol. Zhurnal [Russian Journal of Parasitology], 2015, no. 2, pp. 49-60. (In Russian).

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