Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Solnechno-Zemnaya Fizika Солнечно-земная физика 2712-9640 113776 10.12737/szf-121202606 edfzyn Результаты исследований Results of current research Результаты исследований Comparative analysis of responses of minimum frequency of ionogram reflections and mesosphere-lower thermosphere temperature to winter sudden stratospheric warmings Сравнительный анализ откликов минимальной частоты отражений на ионограммах и температуры области мезосферы и нижней термосферы на зимние внезапные стратосферные потепления https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0847-3553 Ратовский Константин Геннадьевич Ratovsky Konstantin Gennadyevich ratovsky@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2575-8462 Медведева Ирина Викторовна Medvedeva Irina Viktorovna ivmed@iszf.irk.ru

кандидат физико-математических наук;

candidate of physical and mathematical sciences;

 Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт солнечно-земной физики СО РАН Иркутск Россия Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS Irkutsk Russian Federation Институт физики атмосферы им. А.М. Обухова РАН Москва Россия Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS Moscow Russian Federation 25 03 2026 25 03 2026 12 1 45 54 28 08 2025 25 11 2025 https://naukaru.ru/en/nauka/article/113776/view

Статья посвящена сравнительному анализу откликов минимальной частоты отражений на ионограммах (fmin) и температуры области мезосферы и нижней термосферы (МНТ) на зимние внезапные стратосферные потепления (ВСП) 2008, 2009 и 2013 гг. Экспериментальной базой исследований являются измерения fmin на цифровом ионозонде DPS-4 в Иркутске, спутниковые данные Aura/MLS о температуре атмосферы на различных высотах и данные о вращательной температуре молекулы гидроксила, полученные с помощью спектрометрических измерений на расстоянии ~100 км от Иркутска. Сравнительный анализ поведения fmin и температуры атмосферы на высотах МНТ выявил как случай высокой корреляции (ВСП 2008 г.), так и отсутствие корреляции (ВСП 2009 г.) наряду с промежуточным вариантом (ВСП 2013 г.). В статье обсуждаются причины различной корреляции анализируемых параметров.

The paper is devoted to the comparative analysis of the responses of the minimum frequency of reflections on ionograms (fmin) and the mesosphere-low thermosphere (MLT) temperature to the sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) in 2008, 2009, and 2013. The experimental basis for the research is the fmin measurements with the DPS-4 digital ionosonde in Irkutsk, the Aura/MLS satellite data on the atmospheric temperature at different altitudes, and the data on the rotational temperature of the hydroxyl molecule obtained from spectrometric measurements at ~100 km from Irkutsk. Comparative analysis of the behavior of fmin and the MLT temperature has revealed both a case of high correlation (SSW 2008) and no correlation (SSW 2009), along with an intermediate variant during the SSW 2013. The paper discusses the reasons for the different correlations between the analyzed parameters.

 минимальная частота отражений на ионограммах температура мезосфера — нижняя термосфера МНТ внезапное стратосферное потепление корреляционный анализ minimum frequency of ionogram reflections temperature mesosphere-low thermosphere MLT sudden stratospheric warming correlation analysis Исследование выполнено за счет гранта РНФ № 25-17-00187 [https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00187/]. Работы по проведению наблюдений и первичной обработке данных выполнены при поддержке Минобрнауки России The research was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 25-17-00187 [https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00187/]). The works on observations and data pre-processing were supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation

Дэвис К. Радиоволны в ионосфере. М.: Мир, 1973, 502 с. Davies K. Ionospheric Radio Waves. Moscow, Mir Publ., 1973. 504 p. (In Russian). (English edition: Davies K. Ionospheric Radio Waves. Blaisdell Publishing Company, 1969, 460 p.) Goncharenko L., Chau J. L., Condor P., et al. Ionospheric effects of sudden stratospheric warming during moderate-to-high solar activity: Case study of January 2013, Geophys. Res. Lett. 2013, vol. 40, pp. 1–5. DOI: 10.1002/grl.50980. Goncharenko L., Chau J. L., Condor P., Coster A., Benkevitch L. Ionospheric effects of sudden stratospheric warming during moderate-to-high solar activity: Case study of January 2013. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2013, vol. 40, pp. 1–5. DOI: 10.1002/grl.50980. Hoffmann P., Singer W., Keuer D. Variability of the mesospheric wind field at middle and Arctic latitudes in winter and its relation to stratospheric circulation disturbances. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2002, vol. 64, pp. 1229–1240. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00071-8. Hoffmann P., Singer W., Keuer D. Variability of the mesospheric wind field at middle and Arctic latitudes in winter and its relation to stratospheric circulation disturbances. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2002, vol. 64, pp. 1229–1240. DOI: 10.1016/S1364-6826(02)00071-8. Hoffmann P., Singer W., Keuer D., et al. Latitudinal and longitudinal variability of mesospheric winds and temperatures during stratospheric warming events. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2007, vol. 69, pp. 2355–2366. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2007.06.010. Hoffmann P., Singer W., Keuer D., Hocking W.K., Kunze M., Murayama Y. Latitudinal and longitudinal variability of mesospheric winds and temperatures during stratospheric warming events. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2007, vol. 69, pp. 2355–2366. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2007.06.010. Kazimirovsky E., Herraiz M., De La Morena B.A. Effects on the ionosphere due to phenomena occurring below it. Surv. Geophys. 2003, vol. 24, pp. 139–184. DOI: 10.1023/A:1023206426746. Kazimirovsky E., Herraiz M., De La Morena B.A. Effects on the ionosphere due to phenomena occurring below it. Surv. Geophys. 2003, vol. 24, pp. 139–184. DOI: 10.1023/A:1023206426746. Klimenko M.V., Klimenko V.V., Koren’kov Y.N., et al. Modeling of response of the thermosphere-ionosphere system to sudden stratospheric warmings of years 2008 and 2009. Cosmic Res. 2013, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 54–63. DOI: 10.1134/S001095251301005X. Klimenko M.V., Klimenko V.V., Koren’kov Y.N., Bessarab F.S., Karpov I.V., Ratovsky K.G., Chernigovskaya M.A. Modeling of response of the thermosphere-ionosphere system to sudden stratospheric warmings of years 2008 and 2009. Cosmic Res. 2013, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 54–63. DOI: 10.1134/S001095251301005X. Limpasuvan V., Richter J.H., Orsolini Y.J., et al. The roles of planetary and gravity waves during a major stratospheric sudden warming as characterized in WACCM. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2012, vol. 78–79, pp. 84–98. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.03.004. Limpasuvan V., Richter J.H., Orsolini Y.J., Stordal F., Kvissel O.-K. The roles of planetary and gravity waves during a major stratospheric sudden warming as characterized in WACCM. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2012, vol. 78–79, pp. 84–98. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.03.004. Lukianova R., Kozlovsky A., Shalimov S., et al. Thermal and dynamical perturbations in the winter polar mesosphere-lower thermosphere region associated with sudden stratospheric warmings under conditions of low solar activity. J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys. 2015, vol. 120, pp. 5226–5240. DOI: 10.1002/2015JA021269. Lukianova R., Kozlovsky A., Shalimov S., Ulich T., Lester M. Thermal and dynamical perturbations in the winter polar mesosphere-lower thermosphere region associated with sudden stratospheric warmings under conditions of low solar activity. J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys. 2015, vol. 120, pp. 5226–5240. DOI: 10.1002/2015JA021269. Manney G.L., Schwartz M.J., Krueger K., et al. Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of dynamics and transport during the record-breaking 2009 Arcticstratospheric major warming. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, vol. 36, L12815. DOI: 10.1029/2009GL038586. Manney G.L., Schwartz M.J., Krueger K., Santee M.L., Pawson S., Lee J.N., et al. Aura Microwave Limb Sounder observations of dynamics and transport during the record-breaking 2009 Arctic stratospheric major warming. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, vol. 36, L12815. DOI: 10.1029/2009GL038586. Matsuno T. A dynamical model of the stratospheric sudden warming. J. Atmos. Sci. 1971, vol. 28, pp. 1479–1494. DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028<1479:ADMOTS>2.0.CO;2. Matsuno T. A dynamical model of the stratospheric sudden warming. J. Atmos. Sci. 1971, vol. 28, pp. 1479–1494. DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1971)028<1479:ADMOTS>2.0.CO;2. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Studying atmospheric and ionospheric variabilities from long-term spectrometric and radio sounding measurements. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys. 2015, vol. 120, iss. 6, pp. 5151–5159. DOI: 10.1002/2015JA021289. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Studying atmospheric and ionospheric variabilities from long-term spectrometric and radio sounding measurements. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys. 2015, vol. 120, iss. 6, pp. 5151–5159. DOI: 10.1002/2015JA021289. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Effects of the 2016 February minor sudden stratospheric warming on the MLT and ionosphere over Eastern Siberia. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2018, vol. 180, pp. 116–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2017.09.007. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Effects of the 2016 February minor sudden stratospheric warming on the MLT and ionosphere over Eastern Siberia. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2018, vol. 180, pp. 116–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2017.09.007. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Manifestation of wave activity in the upper atmosphere during winter sudden stratospheric warmings. Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa. 2020, vol. 17, iss. 6, pp. 159–166. DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-6-159-166. Medvedeva I., Ratovsky K. Manifestation of wave activity in the upper atmosphere during winter sudden stratospheric warmings. Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa [Modern problems of remote sensing of the Earth from space]. 2020, vol. 17, iss. 6, pp. 159–166. DOI: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-6-159-166. Medvedeva I.V., Semenov A.I., Pogoreltsev A.I., Tatarnikov A.V. Influence of sudden stratospheric warming on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere from the hydroxyl emission observations and numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2019, vol. 187, pp. 22–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2019.02.005. Medvedeva I.V., Semenov A.I., Pogoreltsev A.I., Tatarnikov A.V. Influence of sudden stratospheric warming on the mesosphere/lower thermosphere from the hydroxyl emission observations and numerical simulations. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2019, vol. 187, pp. 22–32. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2019.02.005. Pancheva D., Mukhtarov P. Stratospheric warmings: The atmosphere-ionosphere coupling paradigm. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2011, vol. 73, iss. 3, pp. 1697–1702. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.03.006. Pancheva D., Mukhtarov P. Stratospheric warmings: The atmosphere-ionosphere coupling paradigm. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2011, vol. 73, iss. 3, pp. 1697–1702. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.03.006. Pancheva D., Lastovicka J., de La Morena B.A. Quasi-periodic fluctuations in ionospheric absorption in relation to planetary activity in the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 1991, vol. 53, pp. 1151–1155. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90065-F. Pancheva D., Lastovicka J., de La Morena B.A. Quasi-periodic fluctuations in ionospheric absorption in relation to planetary activity in the stratosphere. J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 1991, vol. 53, pp. 1151–1155. DOI: 10.1016/0021-9169(91)90065-F. Perminov V.I., Pertsev N.N. The behavior of emissions and temperature of the mesopause during stratospheric warmings according to observations at midlatitudes. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. 2013, vol. 53, iss. 6, pp. 780–784. DOI: 10.1134/S0016793213060108. Perminov V.I., Pertsev N.N. The behavior of emissions and temperature of the mesopause during stratospheric warmings according to observations at midlatitudes. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. 2013, vol. 53, iss. 6, pp. 780–784. DOI: 10.1134/S0016793213060108. Polyakova A.S., Chernigovskaya M.A., Perevalova N.P. Ionospheric effects of sudden stratospheric warmings in Eastern Siberia region. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2014, vol. 120, pp. 15–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2014.08.011. Polyakova A.S., Chernigovskaya M.A., Perevalova N.P. Ionospheric effects of sudden stratospheric warmings in Eastern Siberia region. J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys. 2014, vol. 120, pp. 15–23. DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2014.08.011. Schmitter E.D. Remote sensing planetary waves in the midlatitude mesosphere using low frequency transmitter signals. Ann. Geophys. 2011, vol. 29, iss. 7, pp. 1287–1293. DOI: 10.5194/angeo-29-1287-2011. Schmitter E.D. Remote sensing planetary waves in the midlatitude mesosphere using low frequency transmitter signals. Ann. Geophys. 2011, vol. 29, iss. 7, pp. 1287–1293. DOI: 10.5194/angeo-29-1287-2011. Schneider H., Wendt V., Banyś D., et al. Impact of sudden stratospheric warming and elevated stratopause events on the very low frequency radio signal. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys. 2025, vol. 130, e2024JA033320. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033320. Schneider H., Wendt V., Banyś D., Hansen M., Clilverd M., Verronen P.T. Impact of sudden stratospheric warming and elevated stratopause events on the very low frequency radio signal. J. Geophys. Res.: Space Phys. 2025, vol. 130, e2024JA033320. DOI: 10.1029/2024JA033320. Shefov N.N. Relations between the hydroxyl emission of the upper atmosphere and the stratospheric warmings. Gerlands Beitr. Geophysik. 1973, vol. 82, iss. 2, pp. 111–114. Shefov N.N. Relations between the hydroxyl emission of the upper atmosphere and the stratospheric warmings. Gerlands Beitr. Geophysik. 1973, vol. 82, iss. 2, pp. 111–114. Shepherd M.G., Cho Y.M., Shepherd G.G., et al. Mesospheric temperature and atomic oxygen response during the January 2009 major stratospheric warming. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, vol. 115, A07318. DOI: 10.1029/2009JA015172. Shepherd M.G., Cho Y.M., Shepherd G.G., Ward W., Drummond J.R. Mesospheric temperature and atomic oxygen response during the January 2009 major stratospheric warming. J. Geophys. Res. 2010, vol. 115, A07318. DOI: 10.1029/2009JA015172. Shpynev B., Kurkin V., Ratovsky K., et al. High-midlatitude ionosphere response to major stratospheric warming. Earth, Planets and Space. 2015, vol. 67, 18. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-015-0187-1. Shpynev B., Kurkin V., Ratovsky K., Chernigovskaya M., Belinskaya A., Grigorieva S., Stepanov A., Bychkov V., Pancheva D., Mukhtarov P. High-midlatitude ionosphere response to major stratospheric warming. Earth, Planets and Space. 2015, vol. 67, 18. DOI: 10.1186/s40623-015-0187-1. Siskind D.E., Coy L., Espy P. Observations of stratospheric warmings and mesospheric coolings by the TIMED SABER instrument. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2005, vol. 32, L09804. DOI: 10.1029/2005GL022399. Siskind D.E., Coy L., Espy P. Observations of stratospheric warmings and mesospheric coolings by the TIMED SABER instrument. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2005, vol. 32, L09804. DOI: 10.1029/2005GL022399. Siskind D.E., Zawdie K., Sassi F., et al. Global modeling of the low and mid latitude ionospheric D and lower E regions and implications for HF radio wave absorption. Space Weather. 2017, vol. 15, pp. 115–130. DOI: 10.1002/2016SW001546. Siskind D.E., Zawdie K., Sassi F., Drob D., Friedrich M. Global modeling of the low and mid latitude ionospheric D and lower E regions and implications for HF radio wave absorption. Space Weather. 2017, vol. 15, pp. 115–130. DOI: 10.1002/2016SW001546. Vargin P.N, Medvedeva I.V. Temperature and dynamical regimes of the Northern Hemisphere extratropical atmosphere during sudden stratospheric warming in winter 2012–2013. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. 2015, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 12–29. DOI: 10.1134/S0001433814060176. Vargin P.N, Medvedeva I.V. Temperature and dynamical regimes of the Northern Hemisphere extratropical atmosphere during sudden stratospheric warming in winter 2012–2013. Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics. 2015, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 12–29. DOI: 10.1134/S0001433814060176. Walterscheid R.L., Sivjee G.G., Roble R.G. Mesospheric and lower thermospheric manifestations of a stratospheric warming event over Eureka, Canada (80 N). Geophys. Res. Lett. 2000, vol. 27, iss. 18, pp. 2897–2900. DOI: 10.1029/2000GL003768. Walterscheid R.L., Sivjee G.G., Roble R.G. Mesospheric and lower thermospheric manifestations of a stratospheric warming event over Eureka, Canada (80 N). Geophys. Res. Lett. 2000, vol. 27, iss. 18, pp. 2897–2900. DOI: 10.1029/2000GL003768. Yasyukevich A.S. Variations in ionospheric peak electron density during sudden stratospheric warmings in the Arctic region. J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys. 2018, vol. 123, pp. 3027–3038. DOI: 10.1002/2017JA024739. Yasyukevich A.S. Variations in ionospheric peak electron density during sudden stratospheric warmings in the Arctic region. J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys. 2018, vol. 123, pp. 3027–3038. DOI: 10.1002/2017JA024739. Yasyukevich A.S., Chernigovskaya M.A., Shpynev B.G., et al. Features of winter stratosphere small-scale disturbance during sudden stratospheric warmings. Remote Sens. 2022, vol. 14, 2798. DOI: 10.3390/rs14122798. Yasyukevich A.S., Chernigovskaya M.A., Shpynev B.G., Khabituev D.S., Yasyukevich Y.V. Features of winter stratosphere small-scale disturbance during sudden stratospheric warmings. Remote Sens. 2022, vol. 14, 2798. DOI: 10.3390/rs14122798. Yigit E., Medvedev A.S. Internal wave coupling processes in Earth’s atmosphere. Adv. Space Res. 2015, vol. 55, iss. 4, pp. 983–1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2014.11.020. Yigit E., Medvedev A.S. Internal wave coupling processes in Earth’s atmosphere. Adv. Space Res. 2015, vol. 55, iss. 4, pp. 983–1003. DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2014.11.020. URL: http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aura (дата обращения 15 июля 2025 г.). URL: http://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Aura (accessed July 15, 2025). URL: http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/merra/ (дата обращения 15 июля 2025 г.). URL: http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/research/merra/ (accessed July 15, 2025). URL: https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00187/ (дата обращения 15 июля 2025 г.). URL: https://rscf.ru/project/25-17-00187/ (accessed July 15, 2025). URL: http://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/3056/ (дата обращения 15 июля 2025 г.). URL: http://ckp-rf.ru/ckp/3056/ (accessed July 15, 2025).